Topic 7 Essential Questions and Skills 1-7

Question 1

What is the order of the atmospheric layers?

Answer 1

Thermosphere, Mesosphere, Stratosphere, Troposphere

Question 2

The Thermosphere…

Answer 2

Absorbs UV

Question 3

The Mesosphere…

Answer 3

Absorbs UV and Infared

Question 4

The Stratosphere…

Answer 4

Contains the Ozone, and absorbs UV and Infared

Question 5

The Troposphere

Answer 5

Absorbs a small amount of UV and Infrared

Question 6

In which layers does the temperature drop?

Answer 6

Troposphere, Mesosphere

Question 7

In which layers does the temperature rise?

Answer 7

Stratosphere, Thermosphere

Question 8

Which layer does weather occur in?

Answer 8

Troposphere

Question 9

Which later contains the Ozone?

Answer 9

Stratosphere

Question 10

Which layer is the hottest?

Answer 10

Thermosphere

Question 11

Which layer can you see a shooting star?

Answer 11

Mesosphere

Question 12

What percentages of energy are reflected, absorbed, and scattered after making it through the Troposphere?

Answer 12

25%=Reflected by clouds
20%=Scattered by particles
5%=Reflected by Earth
50%=Absorbed by land and water and turned into heat

Question 13

Earths surface absorbs and re-emits equal amounts of energy SO…

Answer 13

The energy is balanced over time

Question 14

What is the Greenhouse Effect?

Answer 14

Gases in the atmosphere trap heat around Earth. Some is trapped and some escapes. Changes to gas percentages change the amount of trapped heat, enhancing the greenhouse effect. Life needs a narrow range of temperature to survive.

Question 15

What is the difference between temperature and thermal energy?

Answer 15

Temp: AVERAGE amount of “energy of motion” of each particle of a substance.
TE: TOTAL energy of the motion in the particles of a substance - “speed/mass” Think TOTAL vs. AVERAGE. Dollar bill analogy on your notes as well!

Question 16

What are the 3 methods of heat transfer?

Answer 16

Conduction, Convection, and Radiation

Question 17

Conduction?

Answer 17

Heat between 2 substances in DIRECT CONTACT!! Ex: butter melting in a pan, burning your feet on hot sand, AND the bottom of the troposphere is heated by conduction

Question 18

Convection?

Answer 18

The transfer of heat by movement of fluid, which could be gas or liquid. Ex: bubbles rising in boiling water, hot air balloon, convection oven, steam rising from a glass of water

Question 19

Radiation?

Answer 19

The transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves. Ex: microwave, toasting a marshmallow above an open flame

Question 20

How does heat transfer happen at Earths surface?

Answer 20

1. Radiation- from the sun
2. Earth absorbs the E and changes it into TE
3. Conduction- at first few cm, hotter particles move faster and are less dense
4. Convection- particles move because of their desities