Topic 7 Ecology

Question 1

Define interdependence.

Answer 1

The need of abiotic and biotic species to live in a habitat.

Question 2

Define a stable community.

Answer 2

When all the abiotic and biotic oraganinsm are in balance.

Question 3

What are ecosystems?

Answer 3

Plants and animals living in the same habitat togeher e.g rainforest.

Question 4

Define a community.

Answer 4

Different species living in the same habitat.

Question 5

Define an abiotic factor.

Answer 5

A non-living factor e.g. light intensity, PH of soil, wind direction, Oxygen conc. in water.

Question 6

What is a biotic factor.

Answer 6

A living facotr. E.g. Pathigens, new predators, new competition and food availability.

Question 7

3 adaptations:

Answer 7

Behavioural = how they behave e.g. basking in the sun
Functional = reproduction/ metabolism
Structural = shape/ colour e.g. razor teeth.

Question 8

Define a producer.

Answer 8

Photosynthesis on there own e.g. algae plants.

Question 9

Define a primary consumer.

Answer 9

Energy transferred by organisms through eating them

Question 10

Define a secondary consumer.

Answer 10

Eats primary consumer prey etaen by predator e.g. herbivores/carnivores

Question 11

Give the order of consumers.

Answer 11

Producer
Primary consumer
Secondary consumer
Tertirary consumer

Question 12

How do you prevent bias when using quadrats?

Answer 12

Using a random number generator.

Question 13

Explain the water cycle.

Answer 13

Sun evaporates water from lakes, seas etc into water vapour.
W.V condenses to form clouds
Water returned to land by precipitation
Runs off rain into lakes
Cycle begins again

Question 14

Explain the carbon cycle.

Answer 14

Carbon dioxide is taken in through photosynthesis.
Carbon is eaten by consumers and passed on or plants die and decompose and respire the carbon.
Can also be out back through burning of fossil fuels and wood.

Question 15

What does an increase in biodiversity cause?

Answer 15

Means that different species are less reliable on other speies for living.

Question 16

What’s the problem in what we are doing?

Answer 16

Using up raw materials quicker than they are being produced.

Question 17

Define biodiversity.

Answer 17

Variety of different species living in earths/ ecosystems

Question 18

What do humans do to biodiversity?

Answer 18

Decrease biodiversity through the destruction of habitats e.g. deforestation.

Question 19

What are peatbogs used for?

Answer 19

Fuels or compost.

Question 20

What are peatbogs?

Answer 20

They are plants that have decomposed without having enough oxygen. But they are being used more tha they are being produced. Thye are habitats and are ebing destroyed usually found on farms.

Question 21

Why does deforestation occur?

Answer 21

To grow crops for biofuels, farming, houses, roads etc.

Question 22

What is deforestation?

Answer 22

Cutting down a large number of trees for human use.

Question 23

What does deofrestation cause?

Answer 23

Less carbon dioxide is being taken in and more carbon dioxide is beign relased through the burning of wood and destrys habitats thus decreasing biodiversity.

Question 24

Explain global warming.

Answer 24

More heat is being absorbed and relflected causing the temperature to increase.

Question 25

What things prevent global warming.

Answer 25

Conservation programmes
Hedgerows and woodland
Recycling instead of dumping
Less deforestation
Protection of more habitats

Question 26

Things that add to global warming.

Answer 26

Sulfur dioxide cause acid rain
Chemicals used in farming leak
Burning of fossil fuels

Question 27

Consequences of global warming.

Answer 27

Melting polar ice caps
Rising sea levels
Number of endangered species increases