Topic 7 - Atomic, Nuclear and Particle Physics

Question 1

Cathode Ray Tube

Answer 1

• JJ Thomson - 1889
• it showed the plum pudding model, as the cathode had particles going to one side of the tube

Question 2

Planetary Model

Answer 2

Niels Bohr
From E=hf
Shows the Emission Spectra

Question 3

Photoelectric Effect

Answer 3

Einstein - 1905
started increasing frequency, electrons shoot of energy created proves plank correct
intensity did not change e- count or energy

Question 4

Duality of Light

Answer 4

Light is a particle if you treat it as a particle
Light is a wave if you treat it as a wave

Question 5

Plank

Answer 5

E=hf
E -> Packets of discrete energy = quanta

Question 6

Shrödingers equation

Answer 6

defines the probability of where you can find an e- outside of a nucleus

Question 7

Series (names and where)

Answer 7

Leynman Series - To UV (n=1)
Balmer Series - To Visible (n=2)
Paschen Series - To IR (n=3)

Question 8

Isotopes

Answer 8

Nuclide / Species / Isotope

Question 9

Nucleon Number

Answer 9

A = Proton + neutron
A = Z + N

Question 10

Strong Force

Answer 10

A nucleon force that keeps them in the nucleus

Question 11

radiactive decay

Answer 11

spontanious and random

alpha (least energy / easiest to block)
beta +
beta -
gamma (most energy / hardest to block)

Question 12

half life

Answer 12

when will it happen, no idea (spontaneous and random)

porportion of population that decays in a certain time

measured in Bq (becquerels) - decay/second

Decay rate (A) is proportional to the population (No) size

Question 13

Unified Atomic Mass Unit

Answer 13

C12 = 12u

Question 14

Binding Energy

Answer 14

Energy needed to pull apart or put it together

Question 15

Binding Energy per Nucleon

Answer 15

56Fe is the strongest, most stable element
E-binding / A

Question 16

Nuclear Fission

Answer 16

Large nucleus turns into two smaller (daughter) nuclei

Question 17

Nuclear Fussion

Answer 17

Two smaller neuclei into a bigger one

Question 18

concervation laws (standard model)

Answer 18

• charge
• baryon number
• lepton number (family)

Question 19

quark confinement

Answer 19

energy needed to break a quark pair just creates the same quark pair