Topic 12 - Quantum and Nuclear Physics (HL)

Question 1

classical physics : I and wavelength

Answer 1

I = kT/λ^2
as λ is small, I approaches infinity

Question 2

what is : the UV catastrophe

Answer 2

for small λ, the classical physics model for intensity fails

Question 3

what is : Energy and Frequency relationship

Answer 3

E is proportional to hf
E = hf - work function (metal specific)

Question 4

what is : hf (photoelectric)

Answer 4

incident energy of photon
E = hf - Φ
hf = E + Φ
hf = eV + hfo (fo is the energy to. make photoelectron to escape without adding KE)

Question 5

what is : the de Brouglie hypothesis

Answer 5

a particle must exhibit wave properties so electron can exhibit particle properties

λ = h/p = h/mv

particles has momentum, waves hace frequencies

Question 6

what is : shrödingers wave function

Answer 6

(Ek + Ep)Ψ = EΨ
Ψ = (r, Θ, t)

build around conservation of energy
probability function
for wave and particle

Question 7

what is : electron tunneling / quantum tunneling

Answer 7

• since particles can act like a propobalistic wave, there is a slight change they bounce out of locations

usually A
rarely B
but non-zero chance of C (tunneling through B

Question 8

what is : the heisneber uncertianty principle

Answer 8

just by looking at e- we sent a photon, so it is intrusive
∆E one - for short time, energy is not conserved

the smaller the mass, the greater impact of small momentum

Question 9

how to : get electron energy in a box

Answer 9

n = energy level

Question 10

what is : law of radioactive decay

Answer 10

N = No e^(-λ*t)

λ = decay constant
t = time
No = initial population

Question 11

what is : Rutherford scattering (diffraction perspective)

Answer 11

electrons or neuclons get pushed through a nucleus and get defracted

sin(theta) = λ/D = h/pD = h/mvD