Topic 7, animal coorination Flashcards
Differences between Nervous and hormonal system
Nervous
- electrical signal
- transmission through nerve cells
- muscles or glands
- very rapid
- short duration
Hormonal
- chemical signal
- transported in the blood stream
- cells in particular tissues (more specific)
- slow
- long duration
Which hormone produces Thyroid Gland?
Thyroxine
Which hormone produces Adrenal Gland?
Adrenaline
Which hormone produces Pancreas?
Insulin
Which hormone produces Testis
Testosterone
Which hormone produces Ovary?
Oestrogen
What are 5 function of Pituitary Gland?
- controls and coordinates the other endocrine glands
- secretes hormones into the blood
- controls growth
- stimulates thyroid gland ( to produce thyroxine that controls metabolism)
- women = stimulates ovaries to produce/release eggs and make oestrogen.
men = stimulates testes to make sperm and testosterone
What are 2 functions of Thyriod gland?
- controls the metabolic rate of the body
- produces thyroxine
What are 2 functions for adrenal gland?
- prepares body for “fight to flight” response
- produces adrenaline
What are 2 functions for Pancreas
- controls the level of glucose in the blood
- produces insulin
What are 2 function of testis?
- controls the development of
male sexual characteristics
and is involved in the
production of sperm. - produces testosterone
What are 2 functions of ovary?
- Controls the development of female
sexual characteristics and is involved
in menstrual cycle - produces oestrogen
Hormonal contraceptives
Prevents the release of any eggs. Without eggs a woman cannot get pregnant
Type 1 diabetes
Pancreas doesn’t make enough (or any ) insulin, so glucose levels cannot be controlled
Starts in the young age
Type 1, symptoms
- glucose level becomes high and kidneys excrete glucose in urine ( meaning you FEEL THIRSTY and URINATE FREQUENTLY)
- without insulin, glucose cannot get into the cells, therefore no respiration, so FEEL TIRED and LACK ENERGY
- WEIGHT LOSS
Treating type one
- Injection
- carbohydrates ( controlling how many they eat it)
- regular meals
Type 2 diabetes
- Pancreas doesn’t make insulin, but less than the body needs
- the body also stops responding to the insulin made, becoming insulin resistant
Treating type 2
- regular exercise
- balanced diet ( controlled amount of carbohydrates)
- losing weight
BMI
BMI = mass / height^2
What is it metabolic rate?
Speed of all chemical reactions in the body
Metabolic rate, negative feedback
- The amount of thyroxine produced
is controlled by hormones released
from the hypothalamus and
pituitary gland. - It is an example of negative feedback, because an increase
in thyroxine concentration directly causes changes that
bring about a decrease in the amount of thyroxine
released.
Adrenaline causes
- The liver to break down the storage substance glycogen into glucose, which can then be used in respiration
- increases heart rate and blood pressure, so blood flow is increased to deliver oxygen and glucose to muscles
- blood vessels taking blood to vital organs dilate increasing blood flow. Those going to other organs constrict reducing blood flow
