Topic 7 Flashcards
What is a state function?
A function defined for a system only according to the current state of the system (doesn’t depend on the path that the system took to get to the current state)
What is an extensive property?
a property that ONLY depends on the size of the system
What is internal energy?
all of the energy contained within a system; the kinetic energy plus the potential energy
What is kinetic energy?
energy of particles, energy of interaction between the particles
What is potential energy?
has potential to turn into other forms of energy, bond energy, energy of the electron clouds
Internal energy of a system changes in effect of…
heat and work
Define heat
the energy transferred to the motion of molecules/atoms
Define work
the energy transferred to the motion of the object
What is the first law of thermodynamics?
energy cannot be created nor destroyed, only transformed from one form to another
What is enthalpy?
the energy required to create a system (internal energy) plus the energy required to make room for the system by displacing it’s environment (energy of volume)
What does Hess’s Law state?
since the internal energy and enthalpy are state functions, the change of internal energy and enthalpy in a reaction only depend on the initial and final states
What is standard state?
standard state is stand pressure (1 atm), temperature (25 degrees C), and constant concentration (1 Mol/L)
What is standard reaction heat?
the chance in H that occurs in a system when 1 Mole of matter is transformed by a chemical reaction under standard conditions
