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318 topics 6-8 > topic 6 respiratory > Flashcards

topic 6 respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

what classification is diphenhydramine?

A

antihistamine

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2
Q

indications for diphenhydramine

A

allergic rhinitis, motion sickness, sleep aid, seasonal allergies

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3
Q

contraindications of diphenhydramine

A

anything that amplifies anticholinergic effects:
- asthma
- COPD
- glaucoma

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3
Q

MOA of diphenhydramine

A

antagonizes antihistamine effects by binding at H1 receptor sites

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4
Q

drug interactions w/ diphenhydramine

A

no MAOIs
increased CNS depression w alc, opiods, hypnotics

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5
Q

side effects of diphenhydramine

A

anticholinergic effects: urinary retention, dry mouth, bad vision
- hypotension
- PHOTOSENSITIVITY

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6
Q

onset of diphenhydramine

A

15 min PO
IV immediate

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7
Q

patient teaching for diphenhydramine

A

no driving, drinking, wear sunscreen, no sports after taking

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8
Q

CAM considerations for diphenhydramine

A

valerian and kava kava (increase sedation)

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9
Q

what class is dextromethorphan

A

antitussive
(non narcotic OTC)

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10
Q

MOA of dextromethorphan

A

depresses the urge to cough in medulla

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11
Q

use of dextromethorphan

A

for temporary relief of cough frequency for non-productive cough

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12
Q

onset and duration of dextromethorphan

A

onset 15-50 min after PO
lasts 3-6 hours

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13
Q

pt education for dextromethorphan

A

increase fluids to decrease thickness of secretions

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14
Q

side effects of dextromethorphan

A

dizziness, fatigue, GI distress, constipation, low BP

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15
Q

what is COPD

A

airway obstruction with increased airway resistance of airflow to lung tissues

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16
Q

what is restrictive lung disease?

A

a decrease in total lung capacity as a result of fluid accumulation or loss of elasticity of the lung

17
Q

what class is albuterol

A

beta2 adrenergic agonist

18
Q

what is albuterol used for

A

asthma, bronchospasms, can be prophylacically

19
Q

MOA of albuterol

A

stimulates beta2-adrenergic receptors in the lungs, relaxes the bronchial smooth muscle, causing bronchodilation

20
Q

contraindications of albuterol

A

milk protein hypersensitivity

21
Q

labs to draw for albuterol

A

potassium level, blood glucose

22
Q

adverse reactions of albuterol

A

HYPOKALEMIA
in high doses: tachycardia, palpations, tremors, headache

23
Q

side effects of albuterol

A

muscle cramps, tremors, CNS effects

24
Q

what class is tiotropium (Spiriva)

A

anticholinergic (aka adrenergic effects)

25
Q

use of tiotropium (Spiriva)

A

long term maintenance of asthma and COPD

26
Q

MOA of tiotropium (Spiriva)

A

dilates bronchi
relaxes smooth muscle of bronchi

27
Q

when to be cautious with tiotropium (Spiriva)

A

lactose intolerance
glaucoma
renal impairment
breastfeeding
older adults
cardiac dysrythmias

28
Q

drug interactions tiotropium (Spiriva)

A

decreased actions with parasympathomimetics

29
Q

pt education with tiotropium (Spiriva)

A

discard capsules immediately, wash HandiHaler

30
Q

side effects of tiotropium (Spiriva)

A

hyperglycemia
parasympathetic resposes: insomnia, dizziness, cough, dry mouth, urinary retention

31
Q

what class is montelukast (Singulair)

A

Bronchodilator: Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist

32
Q

MOA of montelukast (Singulair)

A

binds w leukotriene receptors to inhibit muscle contraction and bronchoconstriction— leading to relaxing the muscles and bronchodilation

33
Q

use of montelukast (Singulair)

A

prophylactically for exercise induced bronchospasms
allergic rhinitis and asthma

34
Q

interactions with montelukast (Singulair)

A

aspirin and NSAIDs, clopidrigel
no alcohol, contraindicated for liver

35
Q

CAM considerations for montelukast (Singulair)

A

no St. Johns Wort (decrease concentration)

36
Q

labs to test for montelukast (Singulair)

A

ALT and AST.. can elevate liver enzymes

37
Q

client education for montelukast (Singulair)

A

take 2 hours before exercise

38
Q

purpose of echinacea

A

to decrease cold symptoms and recovery time when taken early

39
Q

what is echinacea commonly used for

A
  • stimulating the immune system, antisepsis
  • treatment of viral infections, influenza
  • promotion of wound healing
40
Q

adverse effects of echinacea

A

GI upset, dizzy, headache, dermatitis, bad taste

41
Q

what is cinnamon commonly used for

A

bronchitis, GI problems, anorexia, and diabetes

318 topics 6-8 (3 decks)

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