Topic 6: Raising Agents Flashcards
what is creaming?
fat and sugar are beaten together using a mixer or wooden spoon to add air to the mixture, cakes and biscuits
what is the rubbing in method?
fat is rubbed into flour until it resembles breadcrumbs, pastry cake and biscuit making
what is whisking?
when sugar and eggs are whisked together to add air into the mixture, sponge
what are the four main types of raising agents?
air, chemical raising agent, steam, yeast which produces CO2
what are the main ingredients used in cake making?
fat, flour, sugar, eggs, raising agent
what does the amount of fat in a cake determine?
how long it will stay fresh without drying out
what may have caused a cake to sink in the middle?
- too much sugar, affects gluten
- too much raising agent
- not cooked for long enough
- oven door open before mixture has set
what may have caused a cake to crack at its peak?
- temperature too high
- too much mixture for tin size
- too near top of the oven
what may have caused a cake to have a heavy texture?
- mixture too wet
- not enough chemical raising agent
- oven temp too low
- mixture has curdled, couldn’t hold much air
what may have caused a cake to have an open and coarse texture?
- too much chemical raising agent
- flour not thoroughly mixed in
what may have caused a cake to rise unevenly?
- oven shelf not level
- cake placed too near to the heat source, so rose more on one side
what is the ratio of fat to flour in the creaming method?
1:1
what is the ratio of fat to flour in the all-in-one method?
1:1
do you add fat in the whisked sponge method?
no
what is the ratio of fat to flour in the rubbed in method?
1:4 in scones
1:2 in cakes
what is the raising agent in the creaming method?
self raising flour contains baking powder, air is also beaten into the mixture
what is the raising agent in the all-in-one method?
self raising flour contains baking powder, air is also beaten into the mixture
what is the raising agent in the whisked sponge method?
air and steam
what is the raising agent in the rubbed in method?
self-raising flour contains baking powder, air is also introduced when fat is rubbed into flour
what is the raising agent in the melted method?
bicarbonate of soda in the gingerbread
flapjack has no raising agent
what is the raising agent in the batter method?
baking powder and steam
what are examples of products made with the creaming method?
victorian sandwich, small buns
what are examples of products made with the all-in-one method?
victorian sandwich, small buns
what are examples of products made with the whisked sponge method?
swiss roll, fruit flan, sponge cake
what are examples of products made with the rubbed in method?
scones, rock buns
what are examples of products made with the melted method?
flapjack, gingerbread
what are examples of products made with the batter method?
muffins
