Topic 6 - Inheritance, Variation and Evolution Flashcards
Compare the offspring to the parent in sexual reproduction
As DNA is shared they will have similarities
Compare the offspring to the parent in asexual reproduction
Clones as only 1 parent is involved
Which cell division occurs in sexual reproduction
meiosis
gametes are produced from the mother and father
Which cell division occurs in asexual reproduction
mitosis
cells make a new cell by dividing in 2
Advantages of sexual reproduction
Variation increases the chance of surviving in a change in the environment
Natural selection will occur so they will have better characteristics for survival
Selective breeding can be used to speed up natural selection which gives desirable characteristics
Advantages of asexual reproduction
Only 1 parent
Uses less energy - don’t have to find a mate
Faster
Many identical offspring can be produced in favourable conditions
Where is DNA found and what does it do
Nucleus
What inherited characteristics you have
What shape is DNA in
Double helix
Nucleotides consist of
A sugar
Phosphate group
Base
Which bases join together to form sugars
A-T
C-G
Each amino acid is coded by how many bases
3 bases
Where are proteins made
Ribosome
Describe the process of protein synthesis
DNA is too large so
mRNA copies DNA and acts as the messenger between the ribosome and DNA
Correct amino acids in the right order are brought to the ribosome by carrier molecules
Chain of amino acids folds into a unique shape to allow the protein to perform its function
Describe 3 proteins
Enzymes - biological catalyst e.g pepsin
Hormones - send messages around the body e.g adrenaline
Structural proteins - physically strong e.g collagen
