topic 6 - groups of the periodic table

Question 1

which metals are soft with relatively low melting points

Answer 1

alkali metals

Question 2

what’s group 1 known as

Answer 2

alkali metals

Question 3

what’s group 7 known as

Answer 3

halogens

Question 4

what’s group 0 known as

Answer 4

noble gases

Question 5

what happens when group 1 metals react with water

Answer 5

they react vigorously with water and create an alkaline metal hydroxide and hydrogen

Question 6

order the reactivity of the alkali metals

Answer 6

lithium, sodium, potassium

Question 7

how does lithium react with water

Answer 7

fizzes steadily

Question 8

how does sodium react with water

Answer 8

melts into a ball then fizzes steadily

Question 9

how does potassium react with water

Answer 9

gives off sparks and hydrogen and burns with a lilac flame

Question 10

colour and state of chlorine

Answer 10

yellow-green gas

Question 11

colour and state of bromine

Answer 11

red-brown liquid

Question 12

colour and state of iodine

Answer 12

purple solid

Question 13

what’s is the pattern of physical properties down the halogens

Answer 13

gas —> liquid

bc melting and boiling points increase as you go down the group

Question 14

chemical test for chlorine

Answer 14

damp litmus paper turns red then bleaches white

Question 15

how do the halogens react with metals

Answer 15

they form metal halides

the reaction becomes less vigorous as you go down the group

Question 16

halogen + hydrogen —> ???

Answer 16

halogen + hydrogen —> hydrogen halide

Question 17

what is produced when hydrogen halides dissolve in water

Answer 17

acidic solution

in the solution hydrogen halide will fully dissociate into H+ and halide- ions

Question 18

halogen displacement reactions

Answer 18

a more reactive halogen can displace a less reactive halogen in an aqueous solution of its salt

Question 19

properties of noble gases

Answer 19

• they’re all monatomic
• they’re basically inert
• they’re non-flammable because they’re inert
• these made it take a long time for them to be discovered

Question 20

argon uses

Answer 20

used in filament lamps:
• it’s non-flammable so it stops the hot filament from burning away
the same principle is used in flash photography (argon, krypton and xenon are used)

used to protect metals being welded:
• the inert atmosphere stops the hot metal from reacting with oxygen

Question 21

helium uses

Answer 21

used to protect metals being welded
• the inert atmosphere protects the metal being welded

used in airships and party balloons
• heliums density is lower than air, making balloons float
* its non-flammable, making it safer to use than hydrogen gas

Question 22

trends as you go down group 0

Answer 22

boiling point, melting point and density all increase