Topic 6 - Genomics and GMOs Flashcards
Bacteria’s extra circular DNA.
Plasmids
What are the two processes used to genetically modify plants?
1) Plant Pathogenic Bacterium
2) Gene Gun
How are transgenes taken from a genome?
Enzymes.
What is recombinant DNA?
DNA that contains a gene from the genome of another organism.
How is recombinant DNA introduced into Agrobacterium?
Electroporation.
What plant pathogenic bacterium is used to transfer genetic material into plant DNA.
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens
How does a Gene Gun work.
Transgene is placed onto gold particles and loaded into a gun like apparatus. High pressure gas accelerates the gold particles into a filter, which forces the gold particles into the receiving DNA.
A) Popular model organism for plant biology and genetics.
B) Why is it used?
A) Arabidopsis Thaliana
B) It has relatively short genome-125 million base pairs.
What is a genome?
The genetic material of an organism.
What is Golden Rice and why was it developed?
A strain of rice enriched with Beta Carotene ( precursor to vitamin A) that was formed with some genes of the Daffodil. This GMO was developed to combat vitamin A deficiency in children.
What is a model organism?
An organism that is studied extensively to explain certain biological phenomena.
What bacteria has a gene which is used to produce Bt Maize?
Bacillus Thuringiensis
How does Bt corn protect itself from insects?
Bt toxins produces holes in the guts of insects that consume plants that contain this toxin.
What does Bacterium Thuringiensis produce?
BT Toxin.
What is genetic engineering?
Direct manipulation of an organisms genome.
