Topic 6 (Fat (macronutrient))

Question 1

What are lipids?

Answer 1

• Another name for fats and oils

Question 2

What are saturated facts?

Answer 2

• Each atom is combined with two hydrogen atoms
• Solid at room temp, mainly found in animal foods

Question 3

What are unsaturated facts?

Answer 3

• At least one carbon atom not surrounded by hydrogen

Question 4

What are polyunsaturated fats?

Answer 4

• A fat molecule with more than one hydrogen space

Question 5

What are monounsaturated fats?

Answer 5

• A fat molecule with one hydrogen space

Question 6

What are essential fatty acids?

Answer 6

• Small unit of fat that must be supplied in the diet, cant be made by the body

Question 7

What is hydrogenation?

Answer 7

• The process of adding hydrogen to oils to make them into solid fats

Question 8

What is satiety?

Answer 8

• Feeling full after eating

Question 9

What are invisible facts?

Answer 9

• Foods containing fat which cannot be seen

Question 10

What are visible facts?

Answer 10

• Fats that can be seen

Question 11

What does excess fat cause?

Answer 11

• Obesity
• Coronary heart disease
• High blood pressure
• Diabetes
• Strokes

Question 12

How can we reduce fats in our diet?

Answer 12

• Buying lean cuts of meat
• Checking the fat content of products and choosing lower in fat varieties
• Trimming fat from meat
• Choosing methods of cooking which do not include adding fat

Question 13

What is reduced fat?

Answer 13

• Reduced fat = contain at least 25 percent less fat than the original version

Question 14

What is low fat?

Answer 14

• Contains 3 grams of fat or less per serving

Question 15

What are some animal sources of fat?

Answer 15

• Meat
• Meat products such as lard
• Dairy products like milk butter and cheese
• Oily fish such as salmon tuna and sardines

Question 16

What are some plant sources of fat?

Answer 16

• Fruits like avocado and olives
• Nuts and pulses such as peanuts and walnuts
• Seeds such as sesame, sunflower and soya

Question 17

What are some examples of visible and invisible fat?

Answer 17

Visible fat:
- Fat on meat
- Butter
Invisible fat:
- Chocolate
- Biscuits
- Burgers

Question 18

What happens when you have too little fat?

Answer 18

• Rare, however some essential fatty acids are essential for the correct growth and functioning of the body and must be obtained from food

Question 19

What are the functions of fat in the diet?

Answer 19

• Energy
• Part of the structure of cells
• Insulate the body
• Protects vital organs such as kidneys
  -Source of the fat soluble vitamins A, D, E and K
• help us feel full

Question 20

What are the two important essential fatty acids and where can they be found?

Answer 20

Omega 3:
- Found an oily fish, seeds, walnut oil, and green leafy vegetables
- Helps protect the heart
Omega 6:
- Found in vegetables, fruits, grains, chicken and seeds
- Helps lower cholesterol in the blood

Question 21

Describe a polyunsaturated fat.

Answer 21

• Very soft or oily at room temperature
  Sources:
• Maceral
• Cashew nuts
• Walnuts
• Unhealthier as increase risk of breast cancer

Question 22

Describe the structure of fats.

Answer 22

• Large molecules made up of the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
• They are composed of fatty acids and glycerol
• Fatty acids may be saturated or unsaturated

Question 23

Describe a monounsaturated fat.

Answer 23

• Soft at room temperature but can go solid when placed in fridge
• Healthier as lower blood cholesterol, reduce risk of diabetes

Question 24

What happens if you have a deficiency of fats?

Answer 24

• Essential fatty acids must be obtained from food