Topic 5 (Protein (macronutrient)) Flashcards
What is a macronutrient?
- Nutrients needed by the body in large amounts
What are amino acids?
- The smallest units of protein
What is complementary proteins?
- Mixing different low biological value proteins to supply all the essential amino acids
What is food combining?
- Mixing different low biological value proteins to supply all the essential amino acids
What are essential amino acids?
- Amino acids that cannot be made by the body (8 for adults 10 for children)
What are high biological value proteins?
- Proteins that contain all the essential amino acids
What are low biological value proteins?
- Proteins that do not contain all the essential amino acids
What is meant by indispensable and dispensable amino acids?
- Indispensable (or essential) and dispensable (or nonessential)
What are the functions of protein?
- Growth
- Repair body tissue
- Enzymes vital for metabolism are composed of proteins
- Hormones which regulate important body functions are composed of protein
- Secondary source of energy
What are (animal) sources of protein?
- Meat
- Fish
- Cheese
- Milk
- Eggs
What are (plant) sources of protein?
- Soya beans
- Pulses + Beans
- Nuts
- Seeds
- Cereals
What are some good sources of high biological value protein?
- Meat
- Fish
- Cheese
- Milk
- Eggs
- Soya beans
What are some good sources of low biological value protein?
- Pulses + Beans
- Nuts
- Seeds
- Cereals
What are some good sources of complementary protein?
Vegan + Vegetarians need this,
- Beans + toast
- Hummus + pitta bread
- Dhal + rice
What can protein deficiency cause?
- Growth slows or stops in children
- Digestive problems as enzymes not being produced
- Liver fails to function normally
normally - Muscles become weak
Age group:
0-3m
4-6m
7-9m
10-12m
1-3y
4-6y
7-10y
How much fibre a day?
0-3m = 12.5g
4-6m = 12.7g
7-9m = 13.7g
10-12m = 14.9g
1-3y = 14.5g
4-6y 19.7
7-10y= 28.3g
