Topic #6 Development of the Peripheral Nervous System

Question 1

derived from neural crest cells. it consists of cranial and spinal nerves and their ganglia.

Answer 1

Peripheral Nervous System

Question 2

composed of axons (nerve fibers) of neurons whose cell bodies are located within the CNS or in ganglia.

Answer 2

Cranial and Spinal Nerves

Question 3

connective tissue cells of the PNS.

Answer 3

neurolemmocytes

Question 4

form satellites cells of the nerve cell bodies within ganglia.

Answer 4

amphicytes

Question 5

has only one process, the axon.

Answer 5

unipolar neuron

Question 6

has two processes that arise separately from the cell body, fuse for a while to form 1 process and divide shortly thereafter into axon and dendrite.

Answer 6

pseudounipolar neuron

Question 7

has 2 processes, 1 axon and 1 dendrite

Answer 7

bipolar neuron

Question 8

has three or more processes: one axon and 2 or more dendrites.

Answer 8

multipolar neuron

Question 9

conduct impulses from the receptor organs to the CNS

Answer 9

Sensory or afferent neuron

Question 10

afferent neurons also originate from?

Answer 10

placodes

Question 11

conduct impulses from the CNS to target organs

Answer 11

Motor or efferent neurons

Question 12

transfer sensory impulses from sensory neurons to efferent neurons.

Answer 12

association neurons or interneurons

Question 13

innervate voluntary muscles and structures w/ epithelia derived from ectoderm like skin.

Answer 13

somatic neurons

Question 14

innervate involuntary muscles and structures derived from splanchnopleure like blood vessels and visceral organs.

Answer 14

visceral neurons

Question 15

an axon of neuron and it’s sheath that connects peripheral structures the brain or spinal cord.

Answer 15

nerve fiber

Question 16

cell bodies of the nerves are either buried in the CNS to form?

Answer 16

nuclei

Question 17

massed at some point along the nerve to form?

Answer 17

ganglia

Question 18

several nerves form a?

Answer 18

never bundle or nerve fascicle

Question 19

are myelinated nerves segmentally arranged along the spinal cord

Answer 19

spinal nerves

Question 20

majority of the nerves in the PNS ends and begin in the spinal cord

Answer 20

spinal nerves

Question 21

a few (12) end and begin w/ brain

Answer 21

cranial nerves

Question 22

the adult spinal nerve connects w/ the spinal cord by two (2) roots. what are these?

Answer 22

dorsal root and ventral root

Question 23

is the pathway for sensory (afferent) nerve fibers

Answer 23

dorsal root

Question 24

for motor (efferent) nerve fibers.

Answer 24

ventral root

Question 25

it unite outside and lateral to the spinal cord to form a spinal nerve.

Answer 25

dorsal and ventral root

Question 26

which extends ventral to the sympathetic ganglion

Answer 26

ramus communicans

Question 27

conduct impulses from afferent nerve endings for touch, pain and temperature in the skin to the spinal cord.

Answer 27

exteroceptive GSA spinal nerves

Question 28

conduct impulses for positional sense from joints, tendons and muscles to the spinal cord

Answer 28

proprioceptive GSA spinal nerves

Question 29

nonmyelinated; lacks a ganglion. arise from olfactory hair cells and terminate in the rhinencephalon.

Answer 29

olfactory nerve

Question 30

arise from sensory neurons in retina and terminate in the superior colliculus of corpora quadrigemina in the brainstem.

Answer 30

optic nerve

Question 31

arise from the basal plate of mesencephalon and terminate in the inferior oblique and the superior, inferior and internal rectus muscles of the eyeball.

Answer 31

oculomotor nerve

Question 32

arise from the basal plate of mesencephalon and terminate in the superior oblique muscle of the eye.

Answer 32

trochlear nerve

Question 33

mixed (sensory and motor) three main divisions that arise from the semilunar ganglion: a. opthalmic, b. maxillary, c. mandibular division

Answer 33

trigeminal nerve

Question 34

arise from the basal plate of myelencephalon and terminate in the external rectus muscle of the eyeball.

Answer 34

abducens nerve

Question 35

arise from the taste buds and terminate in the brain

Answer 35

sensory fibers

Question 36

arise from the basal plate of myelencephalon and synapse

Answer 36

1st motor fibers

Question 37

mixed (motor and sensory)

Answer 37

facial nerve

Question 38

sensory; presents an acoustic ganglion beneath the auditory vesicle, caudal to the geniculate ganglion of CN VII

Answer 38

Auditory Nerve

Question 39

later divides into spiral ganglion and vestibular ganglion

Answer 39

acoustic ganglion

Question 40

gives off short afferent nerve fibers that supply the cochlear duct and receive stimuli for the sense or hearing.

Answer 40

spiral ganglion

Question 41

gives off short afferent nerve fibers that supply the semicircular canal, utricule and saccule and receive stimuli for the sense of equilibrium.

Answer 41

vestibular ganglion

Question 42

sensory fibers from the superior ganglion and extend to the skin of external ear.

Answer 42

glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 43

sensory fibers extend from the skin of external ear via the superior (jugular) ganglion and from the pharynx, larynx, trachea, esophagus and thoracic abdominal viscera via the inferior

Answer 43

vagus nerve

Question 44

motor nerve. it has a commissural ganglion, which is a continuation of the jugular ganglion.

Answer 44

accessory nerve

Question 45

predominantly motor nerve fibers that arise separately from the posterior myelencephalon and form a single trunk to supply the skeletal muscles of tongue.

Answer 45

hypoglossal nerve

Question 46

primitive in cranial nerves and do not unite outside the brain.

Answer 46

ventral and dorsal roots

Question 47

established contact with the nearest somite, somitomere, placode or pharyngeal arch and innervate derivatives of these embryonic structures.

Answer 47

peripheral nerves

Question 48

surround the CNS and the roots of spinal and cranial nerves.

Answer 48

meninges

Question 49

three meningeal layers

Answer 49

dura mater
arachnoid
pia matter

Question 50

cavity becomes the subarachnoid space w/ which contains??

Answer 50

cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)