Topic 6 - Chronic Illnesses and Disability

Question 1

What is the medical model of disability?

Answer 1

• defines disability as located soley within the individual mind and body

Question 2

What is the sociological model of disability?

Answer 2

• defines disability as restrictions or lack of ability to perform acitvities resulting largely or solely from either social responses to bodies that fail to meet social expectations

Question 3

What was the policy enacted in 1992 that required public buildings to be accessible for everyone?

Answer 3

Americans with Disabilities Act

Question 4

Define a stigma.

Answer 4

• a social attribute that is discrediting for an individual or group

Question 5

How does stigma increase?

Answer 5

• is percieved to be the bearer’s responsibility
• percieved to be contagious
• viewed as repellent, ugly, or upsetting

Question 6

What are strategies for dealing with stigma?

Answer 6

• pass as normal
• covering
• disclosing
• deviance disavowal
• challenging the norms that stigmatize

Question 7

What is an illness behavior?

Answer 7

the process of responding to symptoms and deciding whether to seek diagnosis and treatment

Question 8

What are common responses to discovering illness?

Answer 8

• avoidance
• vigilance
• blaming themselves
• blaming circumstances

Question 9

What are researchers doing in regards to non-compliance?

Answer 9

• observe it through the patients’ eyes instead of through the medical perspective that assumes noncompliance is irrational

Question 10

In regards to sex, who are more likely to report activity limitations?

Answer 10

women

Question 11

Women are more likely to live with chronic pain than men. Doctors ascribe their pain to what most of the time?

Answer 11

psychiatric causes and prescribe sedatives or psychotherapy rather than effective pain medications

Question 12

Explain the illness behavior model.

Answer 12

• symptoms are frequent, persistent, visible, and severe enough to deal with daily activities
• they lack alternative explanations for their symptoms
• their families and friends generally trust doctors and support seeking medical care
• no psychological, economic, or practical bearriers keep them from accessing health care