Topic 6 Flashcards
Electrons
Negatively charged sub-atomic particles.
Neutrons
No-charge sub-atomic particles.
Protons
Positively charged sub-atomic particles.
Electric Force
The force between charges particles or objects.
Electric Field
Region around the charged particle or object where the electric force is exerted on other charged particles or objects.
Electric Current
Continuous flow of charge.
Conductors
Materials with loosely bound electrons.
Insulators
Materials with tightly bound electrons.
Static Electricity
Buildup of charge on an object.
Field Lines
Represent direction of electric fields.
Amperes
Amount of charge passing through a given point per second.
Circuit
A path that runs in a loop.
Voltage
Difference in electric potential energies.
Law of Conservation of Charge
Charge cannot be created or destroyed.
Conduction
Movement of charge by direct contact between 2 objects.
Friction
2 objects rub against each other, and electrons move from one object to another object.
Induction
Electric field of one object repels electrons of another object, causing second object to have a buildup of charge on its opposite side.
Polarization
Electric field of one object repels electrons of other object, causing second object to have a buildup of charge by having the electrons move to the opposite side of their atoms.
Magnet
Matter that attracts iron and other materials containing iron.
Magnetism
Attraction or repulsion between magnetic materials.
Magnetic Force
Push or Pull between a magnet and and object or another magnet.
Magnetic Poles
Ends of a magnet where the magnetic force is the strongest.
Magnetic Field
Area of magnetic force surrounding a magnet.
Solar Wind
Constant stream of particles flowing from the sun to Earth.
Electromagnetism
Relationship between electricity and magnetism.
Solenoid
Coil of wire with current running through it.
Electromagnet
Solenoid with a ferromagnetic core.
Electromagnetic Material
Substance that becomes a magnet when exposed to a magnetic field.
Galavanometer
Device that measures small currents.
Electric Motor
Device that uses electric current to turn an axle.
Electromagnetic Induction
Process of generating an electric current from the motion of a conductor through a magnetic field.
Transformer
Device that increases or decreases voltage using 2 separate coils of insulated wire that are wrapped around an iron coil.
Electric Generator
Motion of a coil of wire through a magnetic field produces a current, and mechanical energy is transformed into electrical energy.
Primary Coil
Coil current flows through first.
Secondary Coil
Coil current flows through after flowing through the primary coil and the iron core.
Direct Current
Charge only flows in one direction.
Alternating Current
Constantly reversing current.
