TOPIC 6 & 7 Microbiology

Question 1

A single type of microbe grown on an agar plate is called a:

Answer 1

pure culture

Question 2

A person is sick with what the nurse suspects is a viral illness. Culturing the virus from a sample taken from the infected person will be difficult because:

Answer 2

peptidoglycan

Question 3

An enveloped virus consists of:

Answer 3

a nucleic acid, a capsid and an outer membrane

Question 4

Anaerobic bacteria

Answer 4

reproduce in the absence of oxygen

Question 5

Bacilli are what shape?

Answer 5

rod-shaped bacteria

Question 6

What shape are coccus

Answer 6

circle

Question 7

what shape are vibrios

Answer 7

long curve

Question 8

what shape are spirllums

Answer 8

wave

Question 9

shat shape are spirochette

Answer 9

zig zag

Question 10

What is Diplo-

Answer 10

two of something

Question 11

What is Staphly-

Answer 11

cluster

Question 12

What is Strepto-

Answer 12

a line

Question 13

Gram negative cells:

Answer 13

have an outer membrane

Question 14

How does the flu drug Tamiflu work?

Answer 14

It inhibits viral neuraminidase, which means that newly formed viral particles cannot be released from host cells to infect new cells.

Question 15

The Gram staining technique is used to help identify bacteria by exploiting what differences between Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria?

Answer 15

The thickness of the peptidoglycan cell wall.

Question 16

The appearance of Gram-positive bacteria after the Gram stain is?

Answer 16

Purple

Question 17

The appearance of Gram-negative bacteria after the Gram stain is?

Answer 17

Pink

Question 18

The smallest free living microorganisms are

Answer 18

bacteria

Question 19

The smallest microorganisms are:

Answer 19

viruses

Question 19

What is the difference between Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria that is exploited by the Gram staining technique?

Answer 19

The thickness of the peptidoglycan cell wall.

Question 19

What is the small ring of DNA, independent from the bacterium’s main genome, that can be taken in and expressed by another bacterium?

Answer 19

Plasmid

Question 20

What are the 6 different bacterial shapes

Answer 20

BCCSSV

Bacterias can come in several shape variations

Bacillus
Coccus
Coccobacillus
Sprillums
Spirochete
Vibrios

Question 21

Haemagglutins is the glycoprotein that differentiates the viruses ability to?

Answer 21

latch/bind to the host cell

Question 22

Neuraminidase are the enzymes that differentiates the viruses ability to?

Answer 22

leave the cell host

Question 23

What things provide optimal conditions for bacterial growth?

Answer 23

nutrients, correct pH, water

Question 24

A steam steriliser is an effective method of sterilisation because:

Answer 24

the use of pressure means water boils at a higher temperature

Question 25

An antimicrobial agent with a narrow spectrum of activity is a drug that has:

Answer 25

an effect against a relatively small number of microbes

Question 26

Botulism is usually acquired from:

Answer 26

ingestion of bacterial toxin in food that has been stored in anaerobic conditions

Question 27

Communicable diseases:

Answer 27

can be spread in aerosols

Question 28

Disease infection can be classified in four stages of progression. The initial clinical signs of disease are usually observed during:

Answer 28

the prodromal stage

Question 29

Diseases which are always present in a community are described as:

Answer 29

endemic

Question 30

Nosocomial infections are most likely to be due to:

Answer 30

Microbes which are resistant to many drugs

Question 31

Pathogens which enter the body via the respiratory route

Answer 31

may produce symptoms in other parts of the body

Question 32

Sterilisation is a term used to describe

Answer 32

the destruction or removal of all viable organisms

Question 33

The science of infectious epidemiology is concerned with the study of which of the following?

Answer 33

Disease occurrence and spread

Question 34

What is a disease vector?

Answer 34

An organism that transmits a disease

Question 35

Which method of microbial control can significantly reduce the risk of nosocomial infection?

Answer 35

Antiseptic hand washing

Question 36

Which of the following host-parasite relationships is associated with a healthy state?

Answer 36

Commensalism

Question 37

Which of the following is least likely to kill bacteria?

Answer 37

Freezing

Question 38

Why are nosocomial infections often difficult to treat?

Answer 38

many are caused by 'hospital strains' of bacteria with greater resistance to antibiotics.