Topic 5.2 - Scientific Revolution & Enlightenment

Question 1

geocentric theory

Answer 1

earth - centered theory

Question 2

Scientific Revolution

Answer 2

a time when people challenged the ideas of natural world

Question 3

heliocentric theory

Answer 3

sun - centered theory

Question 3

Nicolaus Copernicus

Answer 3

first European scientist to propose that the sun was in the center

Question 4

Galileo

Answer 4

first European to make regular observations of the heavers using a microscope

Question 5

Johannes Kepler

Answer 5

German mathematician

Question 6

scientific method

Answer 6

a systematic procedure for collection and analyzing evidence that was crucial to the evolution of science in the modern world

Question 7

Isaac newton

Answer 7

the greatest genius of the Scientific Revolution

Question 8

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Answer 8

uses microscope of his own inventors to study not only cells but also microorganisms

Question 9

Enlightenment

Answer 9

18th century philosophical movement of intellectuals impressed with the achievements of the Scientific Revolution

Question 10

Andreas Vesalius

Answer 10

added to the understanding of the human body

Question 11

Robert Boyle

Answer 11

one of the 1st scientists to conduct controlled experiments in chemistry

Question 12

Social Contract

Answer 12

the concept that an entire society agrees to be governed by its general when a group of people agree to give up certain rights and accept a central authority in order to protect their other rights

Question 12

philosophes

Answer 12

a person who seeks wisdom; term applied to intellectuals during the enlightenment

Question 13

Voltaire

Answer 13

promoted deism and was the greatest figure of the Enlightenment

Question 14

Baron de Montesquieu

Answer 14

created the seperation of powers

Question 15

separation of powers

Answer 15

a form of government in which the executive, legislative, and judicial branches limit and control each other through a system of checks and balances

Question 16

Jean Jacques Rousseau

Answer 16

most famous philosopher of the later enlightenment

Question 17

Dean Diderot

Answer 17

wrote the Encyclopedia

Question 18

Adam Smith

Answer 18

Scottish philosopher and economist; came up with the idea of laissez-faire

Question 19

Laissez-faire

Answer 19

“let do”

Question 20

reasons why people believe the universe was geocentric

Answer 20

1. the church/bible
   2.common sense
2. ancient philosophers