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Physics > Topic 5 - Waves > Flashcards

Topic 5 - Waves Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the definition for Oscillation?

A

A repeated movement about a central position (eg up and down or back and forth)

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2
Q

What is the definition for Frequency?

A

The number of waves passing a point per second (measured in Hertz, Hz)

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3
Q

What is the definition for Wave speed?

A

The speed at which the wave is travelling (measured in m/s)

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4
Q

What is the definition for Longitudinal?

A

A wave in which the oscillations are parallel to the direction of energy transfer

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5
Q

What is the definition for Transverse?

A

A wave in which the oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer

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6
Q

What is the definition for Compression?

A

The section of a longitudinal wave in which the matter has bunched together

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7
Q

What is the definition for Amplitude?

A

The height of a wave peak, measured from the central point of the oscillation

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8
Q

What is the definition for Period?

A

The time it takes for one complete wave to pass a point

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9
Q

What is the definition for Wavelength?

A

The distance between two successive peaks or troughs (measured in metres)

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10
Q

What is the definition for Rarefaction?

A

The section of a longitudinal wave in which the matter has spread apart

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11
Q

What are the 2 types of waves? (2)

A

Longitudinal and transverse

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12
Q

Describe what a transverse wave is?

A

the particles oscillate at 90o to the direction of energy transfer (the direction the wave energy travels in)

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13
Q

Describe what a longitudinal wave is?

A

the particles oscillate forwards and backwards parallel to the direction of energy transfer (direction of propagation of wave energy).

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14
Q

Give an example of 2 transverse wave? (2)

A
  1. water waves
  2. light
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15
Q

Give an example of a longitudinal wave?

A
  1. sound waves
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16
Q

What is the equation for wave speed? (give units)

A

Velocity v (m/s) = frequency f (Hz) x wavelength λ (m)

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17
Q

What are the sources of Radio waves?

A

Broadcasting and communications

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18
Q

What are the sources of Microwaves?

A

Cooking and satellites transmitters

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19
Q

What are the sources of Infrared (IR)?

A

Heaters, night vision equipment

20
Q

What are the sources of Visible light?

A

Optical fibers and photography

21
Q

What are the sources of Ultraviolet (UV)?

A

Fluorescent lamp & tanning lamp

22
Q

What are the sources of X-rays?

A

Observing the internal structure of objects and materials, including for medical applications

23
Q

What are the sources of Gamma rays?

A

Sterilising food and medical equipment

24
Q

What are the detectors of Radio waves?

A

Radio and TV aerials

25
Q

What are the detectors of Microwaves?

A

Microwave recivers

26
Q

What are the detectors of Infrared (IR)?

A

Skin, blackened thermometer, special photographic film

27
Q

What are the detectors of Visible light?

A

the eye, photographic film, light-dependent resistors

28
Q

What are the detectors of Ultraviolet (UV)?

A

Skin, photographic film and some fluorescent chemicals

29
Q

What are the detectors of X-rays?

A

Photographic film

30
Q

What are the detectors of Gamma rays?

A

Geiger - Müller tube

31
Q

What are the users of Radio waves?

A

long, medium and short wave radio, TV (UHF)

32
Q

What are the users of Microwaves?

A

Mobile phone and satellite communication, cooking

33
Q

What are the users of Infrared (IR)?

A

Infrared cookers and heaters, TV and stereo remote controls, night vision

34
Q

What are the users of Visible light?

A

seeing, communication (optical fibers), photography

35
Q

What are the users of Ultraviolet (UV)?

A

Fluorescent tubes and UV tanning lamps

36
Q

What are the users of X-rays?

A

X-radiography to observe the internal structure of objects, including human bodies

37
Q

What are the users of Gamma rays?

A

Sterilising equipment and food, radiotherapy

38
Q

What is the equation for frequency?

A

F (Hz) = 1/period (s)

39
Q

What are the effects of microwaves?

A

Internal heating of body tissue

40
Q

What are the effects of infrared?

A

Skin burns

41
Q

What are the effects of ultraviolet?

A

Damage to surface cells, blindness, skin cancer

42
Q

What are the effects of gamma rays?

A

Cancer, mutation

43
Q

Order from highest frequency to lowest frequency

A

Gamma
X - ray
Ultraviolet
Visible light
Infrared
Microwave
Radio waves

44
Q

Order from longest to shortest wavelength?

A

Radio wave
Microwave
Infrared wave
Visible light
Ultraviolet
X - ray
Gamma rays

45
Q

Order of least to most harmful?

A

Radio wave
Microwave
Infrared wave
Visible light
Ultraviolet
X - ray
Gamma rays

Physics (10 decks)

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