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Computing > Topic 5-Networks > Flashcards

Topic 5-Networks Flashcards

1
Q

Why is network security needed?

A

To prevent hackers from stealing/destroying your data.

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2
Q

What are two examples of encryption?

A

Triple des and RSA.

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3
Q

What is the link layer?

A

This is where the network hardware is located. This layer attaches the MAC addresses of the sender and recipient so the packet can be directed to a specific device on a network.

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4
Q

What is MAC address filtering?

A

Allows devices to access or be blocked from accessing a network based on their physical address embedded within the devices network adapter.

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5
Q

What is associated with the link layer?

A

NIC,OS drivers

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6
Q

What are the negatives of wireless networking?

A

Slower, easier to hack and can be interrupted. Confidentiality, criminal activity and bandwidth stealing are also risks.

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7
Q

What is a peer to peer network?

A

No one computer is in charge which makes it easier to set up.

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8
Q

What is ISP?

A

Internet service provider. Company you pay to be able to access the internet.

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9
Q

What is a client?

A

Computer that utilizes computer servers.

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10
Q

What is ping?

A

Signal sent across network to test latency.

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11
Q

What are some of the negatives of the bus network?

A

If the main cable fails or gets damaged the whole network will fail
As more workstations are connected the performance will become slower
Every workstation on the network “sees” all of the data on the network so low security
cable failures hard to isolate as all computers in network are affected.

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12
Q

What are the positives of wireless networking?

A

Users can move around freely within the area with a connection. Users can share files without having to be physically connected and it is cheaper and easier to set up as less wires needed.

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13
Q

What is a client-server network?

A

One or more central computers or servers that hold the data and manage resources. Users have to request access to the resources which means it’s more secure.

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14
Q

What is the TCP/IP model?

A

A set of standards that control how data is sent across networks including the internet.

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15
Q

What is DNS?

A

Domain name system. Maps the domain name like www.bbc.co.uk to the correct IP address.

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16
Q

What is TCP?

A

How messages are broken up into packets and reassembled at destination. Also detects errors and resends lost packets.

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17
Q

What is a switch?

A

Faster and more expensive. Knows the MAC addresses of each individual device connected to it locally. Its function is to send the packets only to the intended recipient.

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18
Q

What is http and https?

A

Sends and receive access to web pages on the www through web browsers. This stands for hyper text transfer protocol. HTTPS is just a secure/encrypted version.

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19
Q

What is the application layer?

A

Network applications like web browsers and email programs operate here. Encodes/decodes the message into a form that is understood by the sender and the recipient devices.

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20
Q

What is a NIC?

A

Network interface card. Enables devices to connect to a network and allows communication between devices. Most modern devices have a built in NIC.

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21
Q

What is the internet layer?

A

IP address of the sender is added so the recipient will know who sent it. The destination IP is also added. The data is packaged for transmission.

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22
Q

What is a wireless access point?

A

It used a radio transceiver to allow wireless connections to a network.

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23
Q

What are the two email protocols?

A

SMTP and IMAP.

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24
Q

What are some of the positives of networks?

A

User profiles and security can all be managed centrally.
All files can be backed up centrally.
Software can be distributed without it having to be installed every time.
Printers can be shares.
internet connection can be shares and files can be stored on a file server so they can be accessed.

25
Q

What is buffering?

A

Temporary storage area used to store data while it is being moved from one place to another.

26
Q

What are some of the negatives of a network?

A 
Hardware can be expensive
If file server goes down, nobody can access their files
Could lead to loss of data
Viruses can spread easier 
Hard to manage
27
Q

What factors affect the performance of networks?

A 
Bandwidth
amount of users online
people trying to access the same web page
network traffic
congestion
interference(wireless)
electro magnetic interference(wireless)microwave
too far from router
thick walls
distance from broadband street cabinet.
28
Q

What is the difference between the internet and the World Wide Web?

A

The world wide web are the pages you see when you are online. The internet is the network of connected devices that the web.

29
Q

What operated on the internet layer?

A

IP

30
Q

What operates on the application layer?

A

HTTP,HTTPS,FTP,IMAP,SMTP

31
Q

What is a modem?

A

Brings the internet into your home. Connects the ISP to the internet. Modulated and demodulates digital to analogue and vice versa.

32
Q

What is Ethernet?

A

A family of related protocols which defines how data should be physically transmitted in a network.

33
Q

What is a protocol?

A

A set of rules or standards that control communication between devices.

34
Q

What is UDP?

A

Like TCP but no error checking or correction.

35
Q

What is IP?

A

Internet protocol. When transmitting messages, it is responsible for providing the destination address and to recognise incoming packets.

36
Q

What operated on the transport layer?

A

TCP,UDP

37
Q

What is a hub?

A

A device that broadcasts the data packets to all devices connected until received.

38
Q

What are some advantages of bus network?

A

Cheap to set up
Easy to set up
Good for smaller or short term
No reliance on central node

39
Q

What are the negatives of star network?

A

Expensive to install
Extra hardware is required
Harder to set up
Viruses can spread easily

40
Q

What is FTP?

A

File transfer protocol. Used to download and upload from the internet.

41
Q

What is SMTP?

A

Simple mail transfer protocol. Enables the computer to send messages to the other computer.

42
Q

What is a fibre optic cable?

A

Made of thin glass strands which transmits pulses of light, good for long distance but is expensive. Higher bandwidth and more durable.

43
Q

What is a MAC address?

A

Media access control address. It is an alphanumerical string that is a unique identifier for a device on a network. IP is just connection of network for a device.

44
Q

What is bandwidth?

A

How much data can be downloaded at one time. The more people are online, the more bandwidth is used up.

45
Q

What is authentication?

A

A way of identifying a user or client trying to access a resource. Username and password or biometrics.

46
Q

What is encryption?

A

Used to convert plain text into cypher text that can only be understood with a key. The data is scrambled. This means if the data is intercepted it would be useful. A key is used to unscramble the data.

47
Q

What are the 4 layers of the TCP/IP model?

A

Application layer, transport layer, internet layer, link layer.

48
Q

What is the transport layer?

A

Breaks down the message into small pieces called packets. Each packet is giving a packet number and the total number of packets is provides to make sure if some are lost it will be discovered. The recipient uses this data assemble the packets in order.

49
Q

What is latency?

A

The delay between requesting data and receiving it.

50
Q

What is IMAP?

A

Internet access protocol. Retrieves the email from the mailing server.

51
Q

What is a twisted pair of copper cables?

A

Ethernet cable, 8 wires twisted into pairs. Cheaper but can’t go as far.

52
Q

What is WiFi?

A

A set of protocols defining how data should be transmitted using radio waves in a wireless network.

53
Q

Name some positives or star topology?

A

Faster transmission of data
Less likely to experience errors/data traffic problems
A faulty connections disables one computer unless it is the hub or switch

54
Q

What are firewalls?

A

They control and monitor the data exchange across a network.

55
Q

What are two examples of two factor authentication?

A

SMS and Email two factor authentication.

56
Q

What is a router?

A

Routes data packets across a WAN and each router works as a node and packets are passed from router to router to their destination.

57
Q

What is a network?

A

A network is 2 or more devices connected together to share resources.

58
Q

What is a user?

A

Anyone who has access to the network.

59
Q

What is a server?

A

Computer that provides services to a client.

Computing (8 decks)

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