Topic 5 Nazi Economic Social And Racial Policies Flashcards
What was the National Labour Service Corps (RAD)?
All males aged 18-25 serve for 6 months, undertake manual labour jobs
When was serving in the RAD for 6 months made compulsory?
1935
What were 3 aspects of life for workers in the RAD?
Lived in camps, wore uniforms, military drills + work
What were 3 public works programmes men were put to work on?
Build 7000km of motorways, tree planting, construction of hospitals/schools/houses
What were 2 benefits of Hitlers decision to introduce rearmament?
Heavy industry expanded
Created jobs- reduced unemployment
How much did heavy industry increase between 1933 and 1939?
Coal and chemical usage doubled
Iron, oil and steel usage trebled
How many were in the army by 1939?
1,400,000
Who introduced the 4 year plan?
Hermann Goering as economic minister
What was the four year plan (1936-1940)?
Speed up rearmament, prepare country for war, establish policy of autarky
Want was the nazi policy of Autarky?
Make Germany self sufficient, no foreign imports
What did unemployment fall to from 1933 to 1939?
1933 = 6 million
1939 = 350,000
What were 2 ways Hitler created invisible unemployment?
Figures didn’t include Jews or women dismissed from jobs, or opponents of Nazi regime held in concentration camps
How many members did the DAF have by 1939?
22 million
What organisation was set up to reward loyal workers?
Strength through Joy (KDF)
How do the KdF aim to improve leisure time?
Sponsored leisure/cultural trips (concerts, theatre visits, sport events, holidays)
What was the Beauty of Labour (SdA)?
Department of KdF, aimed to improve working conditions by building of canteens and sports facilities
When was the Volkswagen Scheme introduced?
1938
What was the Volkswagen scheme?
Gave workers opportunity to save 5 marks a week to buy own car
What were 6 ways women made progress during the Weimar period?
Equal voting rights
Encouraged to have good education
Taken up careers in civil service/law/medicine
Go out unescorted
Wear make up
Smoke and drink in public
What were the 3 Ks?
Children, Kitchen, Church
What was the Law for the Encouragement of Marriage 1933?
Loans to encourage couples to marry, provided wife left job
How many children did a woman have to have to get the Mothers cross?
Bronze=4
Silver=6
Gold=8
What was the Lebensborn (Life springs) Programme 1936?
Unmarried Aryan women encouraged to ‘denote baby to Fuhrer’ by becoming pregnant by ‘racially pure’ SS men
What 3 things did teachers have to do?
Belong to Nazi Teachers League, promote Nazi ideas in classroom, swear oath of loyalty to Hitler
What percentage of the school timetable was devoted to physical education?
15%
How did lessons start in schools?
Pupils saluting and saying ‘Heil Hitler’
What were biology lessons used to study?
Racial theory and importance of ‘master race’
What were Geography lessons used to show?
Germany surrounded by hostile neighbours
What did History textbooks teach?
Germany lost war due to Jewish and communist spies
When was Hitler Youth membership made compulsory?
1939
How many Hitler Youth members were there by 1939?
7 million
What was the girls version of the Hitler Youth called?
German maidens League
What ages were the Hitler Youth and German League of Maidens for?
14-18
What did Boys do in the Hitler Youth?
Military skills (shooting, map reading, drill)
Athletics, hiking, camping
How many Jews had emigrated by 1939?
280,000
When was the boycott of Jewish shops and businesses?
April 1933
Which 2 types of persecution of Jews occurred in April 1933?
Boycott of Jewish shops and businesses
Jews banned from civil service/teachers/doctors/dentists/judges
When were the Nuremberg Laws passed?
September 1935
What were 2 Nuremberg Laws and what did they do?
Reich Law on Citizenship- Jews lost citizenship and right to vote
Law for Protection of German Blood and Honour- illegal for Jews to marry/have sexual relations with Aryans
What were 2 ways Jews were made identifiable?
Had to carry identity cards
Passports stamped with large red letter ‘J’
What 2 ways were Jews persecuted in 1939?
Forced to handover precious metals + jewellery
Evicted from homes and forced into ghettos
When was Kristallnacht?
November 1938
What was used as the cause for Kristallnacht?
Murder of Nazi official in Paris by young polish Jew
What was Kristallnacht?
Goebbels organised attacks on Jewish property in cities, so many windows smashed known as Night of Broken Glass
How many Jewish shops were destroyed and synagogues burnt down on Kristallnacht?
7500 shops
400 synagogues
How many Jews were arrested and taken to concentration camps on Kristallnacht?
30,000
How much were Jews fined as compensation for damage caused on Kristallnacht?
One billion Reichsmarks
