Topic 5 - Modern Warfare Flashcards
Cause of war ( 6 points )
- To gain territory
- Resist an attack or invasion
- To help another state resist attack
- Overthrow a dictator
- Defend freedom / Stop an injustice
- National honour
What is the just war theory?
A war that the Christian church defines as acceptable and must fit a certain criteria
What is the criteria for the just war theory? ( 4 points )
Used For:
- Self defence against enemy attack
- Defend the innocent
- Prevent an anticipated attack
- Help a neighbourhood state
When is war accepted by the Christian church? ( 8 points )
- War is a last resort
- War is declared by government / lawful authority
- War must be for good attempts to restore peace, law and order
- Must be some chances of success
- Weapons must be used proportionately
- Proper intention
- Innocent civilians not killed
- Peace must be restored at the end
Describe what chemical weapons of mass destruction are ( 3 points )
- Choking, violent skin irritation, blistering and attacks on nervous system
- Salisbury 2018, Russian spy
- Cause mass casualties
Describe what biological weapons of mass destruction are ( 3 points )
- Virus, contaminates water
- Least used and most dangerous
- Accident in Russia = 1000 deaths
What are nuclear weapons of mass destruction ( 3 points )
- Intended to harm mass amounts of people
- Hiroshima = 220,000 deaths, many died from radiation poisoning
- No discrimination between civilians and soldiers
Catholic Church teaching on nuclear deterrence
- Abolish
- Close to pacifism
- Focusses on Just War Thoery
Anglican Church teaching on nuclear deterrence
- Goal to abolish
- Celebrate end of it
United Methodist Church teaching on nuclear deterrence
Unconditional no to nuclear war and to any use of nuclear weapons
Baptist Church teaching on nuclear deterrence
- Abolish
- Get rid of them
Arguments for Nuclear deterrence ( 4 points )
- Citizens feel safer and more protected
- Immoral not to protect
- Weapons are a deterrent - MAD
- Not been used since 1945 in Hiroshima
- Bargaining tool = no one is giving them up or using them
Arguments against Nuclear deterrence ( 5 points )
- 220,000 deaths in 1945 bomb = radiations poisoning + babies born with disabilities + infrastructure
- Fear of escalation is current war = Israel and iron and Israel is unreliable at the moment, people living in fear
- Cost = money spent on health / education would be better
- Just war theory
- Country falls into hands of an unstable dictator
Human costs of war ( Military ) ( 3 points )
- Suicide
- PTSD
- Trauma
Human cost of war ( civilians ) ( 2 points )
- Caught in crossfires / bombings
- Wrong place wrong time
Human cost of war ( Child Soldiers ) ( 4 points )
- Lighter guns
- Families threatened
- Trauma
- Loss of childhood
Economic cost of war ( Unemployment) ( 3 points )
- War destroys massive amounts of infrastructure
- Leading to massive job loss
- Leading to poverty for many
Economic cost of war ( Decline in tourism ) ( 2 points )
- War leads to a decline in tourism
- Leading to unemployment and poverty
Economic cost of war ( Rise in national debt ) ( 1 point )
- Governments borrow money to finance leading to debt
Economic cost of war ( Inflation ) ( 2 points )
- Prices for food rise leading to malnutrition
- Limited access to healthcare
Define pacifism
War and violence is absolutely wrong
Define absolute pacifism ( 2 points )
- Never right to take part in war
- Human life so precious nothing can justify killing a person
Define conditional pacifism ( 2 points )
- Against the idea of war
- War can be sued in extreme circumstances such as Hitler who was an evil dictator
Define selective pacifism ( 1 point )
Selects certain types of war not agreed upon i.e. MAD
