Topic #5: Homeostatis and Response (Paper 2) Flashcards
What is a synapse and what happens in it?
it is a gap between the nerve endings where chemical messages such as ACH.
What are the 3 types of neurones?
Motor, Sensory, Relay.
What are the two parts of the CNS?
Brain and Spinal cord
What are the two things that protect the CNS?
Skull for the brain, Spine for the spinal cord.
What is the scientifical term used for a nerve?
Neurone
What is the Axon?
Where the electrical impulses travel through the nerve.
What is the function of the dendrite?
To receive electrical impulses.
What protects the Axon?
Mylan sheath
What is the white bit of the eye called?
Sclera
What is the reflective surface?
Choroid
What does most of the light refraction?
Cornea
What is the liquid under the cornea?
Aqueous humour
Which muscles make up the iris? (2)
Circular and radial
When the circular muscles contract what happens?
Pupil gets smaller
When the radial muscles contract what happens?
Pupil gets bigger.
What controls the size of the lens? (2)
Ciliary muscles and suspensory ligaments.
What makes the lens smaller and fatter?
Ciliary muscles tighten, slackens the suspensory ligaments and the lens becomes smaller and fatter
What makes the lens longer and thinner?
Ciliary muscles relax, tightening the suspensory ligaments pulling the lens longer and thinner
What is homeostasis?
The body’s way of regulating itself
What 3 things does homeostasis control?
Body temperature
Blood Sugar levels
Water levels
How does homeostasis work?
Receptors detect stimuli
Coordination centres process the info
Effectors do what’s needed
What does each sector of the brain do?
Cerebral Cortex- Conscious actions, language, memory and intelligence
Cerebellum- muscles
Medulla- unconscious actions eg. Heartbeat
What do we call the eye’s adapting to different lengths of sight?
Accommodation
What is the endocrine system?
A system of glands in the body
How are blood glucose levels controlled?
Too high- insulin moves glucose from blood into cells
Too low- glycogen into glucose, to cells
Compare the 2 diabetes
Type 1- Not enough insulin
Type 2- No response to insulin
