Topic 5 - Health And Disease Flashcards
What’s Choleras pathogen?
Bacteria
Symptoms of cholera
Diarrhoea
How does cholera spread?
Contaminated water sources
Prevention of Cholera
Access to clean water supplies
What’s Tuberculosis pathogen?
Bacteria
Symptoms of TB
Coughing and lung damage
How is TB spread
Via air when infected individuals cough
Prevention of TB
avoid crowded public spaces sleep alone Practise good hygiene Well ventilated home All of the above are precautions if infected
What’s Malaria’s pathogen
Protist
Symptoms of malaria
Damage to red blood cells and liver
How is malaria spread?
Animal vectors (carriers) mosquitoes pass on the protist to humans but don’t get the disease themselves
Preventions of malaria
Use mosquito nets
Insect repellent
What’s stomach ulcers pathogen
Bacteria
Symptoms of stomach ulcers
Stomach pain
Nausea
Vomiting
How are stomach ulcers spread
Oral transmission (swallowing contaminated food/water)
Preventions of stomach ulcers
Clean water supplies
Hygienic living conditions
What’s Ebola’s pathogen
Virus
Symptoms of Ebola
Fever with bleeding (haemorrhagic fever)
How is Ebola spread
Bodily fluids
Prevention of Ebola
Isolating infected individuals
Sterilising areas where Ebola may be present
Chalara ash dieback’s pathogen
Fungus (infects ash trees)
Symptoms of chalara ash dieback
Leaf loss Bark lesions (wounds)
How is chalara ash dieback spread?
Via air/wind
If diseased Ash trees are moved between areas
Prevention of chalara ash dieback
Removing young infection trees and replanted with different species
Restricting imports and movements
What is Chlamydia’s pathogen
Bacteria
Symptoms of Chlamydia
None
How is Chlamydia spread?
Sexually transmitted
Prevention of Chlamydia
Using a condom
Screening individuals
Avoiding sexual contact
What is HIV’s pathogen
Virus
How is HIV spread?
Destroys white blood cells which leads to AIDS
How is HIV spread?
Sexually transmitted
Bodily fluids
Prevention of HIV
Using a condom
Taking medication
Avoid sharing needles
Screening and proper treatment
Health definition (WHO)
A state of complete physical mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
What is a communicable disease?
Diseases that can spread via individuals
What is a non communicable disease
Diseases that can’t be transmitted between individuals. E.g. cancer & heart disease
What is a pathogen
Microorganisms that cause communicable diseases
What is a disease
Disorder of the body
