Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Topic 1 - Cells > Flashcards

Topic 1 - Cells Flashcards

Learn about the functions of many different cells

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the function of the nucleus?

Animal and plant cells

A

It contains genetic material that controls activities of the cell. Genetic material is arranged into chromosomes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the function of the cytoplasm?

Animal and plant cells

A

It is a gel like substance where most of the chemical reactions happen. It contains enzymes that control reactions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Animal, plant and bacterial cells

A

It holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the function of the mitochondria?

Animal and plant cells

A

It is where most of the reactions for respiration takes place. Respiration transfers energy that the cell needs to work.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the function of ribosomes?

Animal, plant and bacterial cells

A

These are involved in translation of genetic material in the synthesis of proteins.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the function of the cell wall?

Plant cells

A

It is made of cellulose. It supports and strengthens the cell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the function of the chloroplast?

Plant cells

A

This is where photosynthesis occurs which makes food for plants. They contain a green substance called chlorophyll.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the function of the large vacuole?

Plant cells

A

It contains cell sap, a weak solution of sugars and salts. It maintains the internal pressure to support the cell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the function of the flagellum (tail)?

Bacterial cells

A

It is a long hair like structure that rotates to move the cell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the different parts of cells called?

A

Subcellular structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What makes bacteria cells different to animal and plant cells?

A
  • Bacterial cells are a lot smaller than animal or plant cells
  • They don’t have a nucleus
  • They have a tail
  • They contain chromosomal DNA and Plasmid DNA
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the function of chromosomal DNA?

Bacterial cells

A

It is one long circular chromosome that controls the cells activities and replication. It floats free in the cytoplasm (not in a nucleus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the function of Plasmid DNA?

Bacterial cells

A

They are small loops of extar DNA. They aren’t part of the chromosome. They contain genes for things like drug resistance, and can be passed between bacteria.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a Eukaryotic cell?

A

It is a cell that has true nucleus such as an animal or plant cell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a Prokaryotic cell?

A

It is a cell that doesn’t have a nucleus such as bacterial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Name 3 specialised cells?

A 
Sperm cell
Egg cell
Red Blood cell
Ciliated Epithelial cell
Intestine cell
17
Q

What is the function of an egg cell?

Specialised cell

A

It contains nutrients to feed the embryo, it has a haploid nucleus and it carries the female DNA.

18
Q

How is the egg cell adapted to its function?

Specialised cell

A

The egg fuses once a sperm has entered meaning no other sperm can get in.

19
Q

What is the function of a sperm cell?

Specialised cell

A

It transports the male DNA to the female’s egg.

20
Q

How is the sperm cell adapted to its function?

Specialised cell

A

It has a long tail so it can swim to the egg, it has lots of mitochondria to provide energy and it has acrosomes that store enzymes so it can digest the membrane of the egg.

21
Q

What is the function of the Ciliated Epithelial cell?

Specialised cell

A

The cilia beat to move substances in one direction along the surface of the tissue.

22
Q

How is the Ciliated Epithelial cell adapted to its function?

Specialised cell

A

It lines the airways to help move the mucus upto the throat so it can be swallowed and doesn’t reach the lungs.

23
Q

What is the function of the red blood cell?

Specialised cell

A

To carry oxygen around the whole body.

24
Q

How is the red blood cell adapted to its function?

Specialised cell

A

It has a large surface area to carry as much oxygen as possible.

25
Q

What is the function of the Intestine cell?

Specialised cell

A

Cells in the Pancreas make enzymes needed to digest certain foods in the small intestine.

26
Q

How is the intestine cell adapted to its function?

Specialised cell

A

The enzymes are proteins and so have a lot of ribosomes.

Biology (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions