Topic 5, 6, 7

Question 1

Specialized Cells

Answer 1

A cell with a particular function in a multicellular organism

Question 2

Cell Organization

Answer 2

Usually found grouped closely together in the body. Groups of specialized cells work in harmony with other groups.

Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism

Question 3

4 main types of tissues in stomach

Answer 3

Muscle, epithelial, connective, nerve

Question 4

Plant Organs (3)

Answer 4

Roots, Stems, Leaves

Question 5

Plants two main systems

Answer 5

Root system- below ground (obtain water and minerals), Shoot system- upper plant ; stems and leaves.

Question 6

Shoot Function

Answer 6

Transport water and nutrients to various parts of plant.

Question 7

Reproductive System

Answer 7

Flowers, Fruits, Seeds

Question 8

What are the 3 main organ systems in human body that works together to have steady supply of food and oxygen to each specialized cell in human body?

Answer 8

Digestive, Circulatory, and Respiratory Systems

Question 9

(Digestive system) Mouth

Answer 9

Food enters the digestive system through the mouth. Saliva in the mouth begins the process of chemically breaking down food, while teeth and tongue work together to physically break food into smaller pieces. Tongue also helps with swallowing.

Question 10

(Digestive System) Esophagus

Answer 10

The long tube connects the mouth to the stomach. Food is squeezed down the esophagus by smooth muscle tissue. This muscle contraction is called peristalsis.

Question 11

(Digestive System) Stomach

Answer 11

The smooth muscle lining the walls of the stomach pulverizes the food. Specialized cells in the stomach lining secrete acid and juices to dissolve and break down the food chemically.

Question 12

(Digestive System) Pancreas/ Liver/ Gallbladder

Answer 12

Digest food (simple definition)

Question 13

(Digestive System) Small Intestine

Answer 13

Last stages of digestion occur. Digestive juices break all remaining usable food into its nutritional parts. Nutrients enter the bloodstream through the walls of the small intestine, and are sent throughout the body.

Question 14

(Digestive System) Large Intestine

Answer 14

Remaining matter and water enter the large intestine. In the large intestine, water is absorbed by the body leaving behind a mass of waste, called a stool.

Question 15

Disease

Answer 15

Disease - a disease is a condition or disorder in which parts or systems of the body are not functioning correctly

Question 16

Vaccine

Answer 16

Vaccine - vaccines are substances introduced into a person’s body that contain the information needed for their immune system to identify and destroy certain viruses and bacteria.

Question 17

Respiratory System (6 parts)

Answer 17

Nose - Air enters and exits the respiratory system through the nose (or mouth). The nose contains small hairs called cilia which are meant to keep pollutants out of the airway.

Trachea - A long rigid tube that connects the nose to the lungs. It’s often called the windpipe.

Bronchi - (meaning branches) Tubes that connect the lungs to the trachea.One bronchus enters each lung. Carry oxygen from and to lungs.

Lungs - Spongy organ containing the structures that carry out gas exchange with the blood.

Bronchioles - Inside the lungs, the bronchi is split into further smaller tubes called bronchioles (little branches).

Alveoli - Site of gas exchange between the lungs and the blood. They are located at the end of the bronchioles and are surrounded by tiny blood vessels called capillaries.

Question 18

Circulatory System (7 parts)

Answer 18

This system transports particles of food and oxygen. The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood, and blood vessels. This system circulates blood around the body, delivering food particles, dissolves gases and other materials to every cell and carrying away cell waste.

Blood vessels - Tubes through which blood flows around the body. They include veins, arteries and capillaries.

Veins - Vessels that carry blood toward the heart

Arteries - Strong, flexible vessels that carry blood away from the heart

Capillaries - Hair-thin vessels / carry oxygenated blood from the arteries to the tissues of the body and then carry deoxygenated blood back to the veins. Capillaries are the site where materials are exchanged between the blood and body cells.
In our respiratory system, capillaries surround the lungs bronchiole alveoli. This is where carbon dioxide moves into the bronchioles from the red blood cells and is expelled as waste, and oxygen moves from the bronchioles into the red blood cells.

Plasma - Plasma is the liquid part of the blood that blood cells, nutrients and waste travel in throughout the body.

Red Blood Cells - carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body and return carbon dioxide waste to the lungs

The heart-The heart is a muscular pump that acts as the primary organ of the circulatory system. It pumps blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen and then pumps the oxygenated blood to the rest of the body.

Question 19

What are the 3 important vessels in the body?

Answer 19

Arteries (carry blood away from heart), Veins (carry blood to heart), and Capillaries (connect arteries and veins)

Question 20

How does gas exchange work?

Answer 20

When you inhale (breathe in), air enters your lungs, and oxygen from that air moves to your blood. At the same time, carbon dioxide, a waste gas, moves from your blood to the lungs and is exhaled (breathed out).

Air Lungs Oxygen Blood, Carbon Dioxide blood lungs

Question 21

How does digestive and circulatory systems have a connection?

Answer 21

The villi
Nutrients that are digested and absorbed by the digestive system are transported throughout the body by the circulatory system.

Question 22

How does respiratory and circulatory systems have a connection?

Answer 22

Alveoli
The circulatory system brings blood to and from the lungs.