Topic 1, 2, 3, 4

Question 1

Growth

Answer 1

Living things undergo life cycles. They start small and get larger as the cells that make them up divide.

Question 2

Excretion

Answer 2

Living things generate and expel waste (e.g. transpiration in plants, sweating in mammals.)

Question 3

Cell Theory

Answer 3

• All living things are composed of one or more cells
• Cells are the basic units of structure and function in all organisms
• Cells can only come from pre-existing cells.

Question 4

Multicellular definition

Answer 4

Many celled organisms such as humans

Question 5

Unicellular definition

Answer 5

Single celled organisms such as amoeba

Question 6

Anton Van Leewenhock

Answer 6

Person who made first microscope
Observed “animalcules,” remembered as the father of microbiology

Question 7

Robert Hooke

Answer 7

created primitive microscope
Micrographia (1665) Best Seller
Cell- Described honeycomb structure in cork- reminded him of the small cells (rooms) that monks lived in.

Question 8

Field of View Microscope

Answer 8

This refers to the area seen through the eyepiece of the microscope. Measured as the diameter of the circle you see. Can only measure field of view under low power.

Question 9

Diffusion

Answer 9

High concentration to low concentration

Question 10

Permeable

Answer 10

A membrane that lets all materials cross it

Question 11

Impermeable

Answer 11

A membrane that lets nothing cross it

Question 12

Selectively permeable

Answer 12

only lets some things cross the cell membrane

Question 13

Osmosis

Answer 13

a type of diffusion, movement of water

Question 14

Isotonic

Answer 14

Equal concentration

Question 15

Transpiration

Answer 15

The process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts, such as leaves, stems and flowers

Question 16

Animal Cell (Define function of each part)

Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Mitochondria

Answer 16

Cell membrane- Surrounds and protects the cell

Cytoplasm- Distributes materials such as oxygen / Jelly like substance

Nucleus- The large, dark, round ball inside the cell / Contains genetic material

Mitochondria (Hotdog)- Membrane-bound cell organelles / generate most of the chemical energy needed to power the cell’s biochemical reactions.

Question 17

Plant Cell (Define function of each part)

Cell Wall
Cell Membrane
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Chloroplasts
Vacuole

Answer 17

Cell wall (Only plants)- Cells walls only appear in plant cells/
made of tough material called Cellulose / provide
support for the cell

Cell Membrane- Surrounds the cell but inside the cell wall

Nucleus- The large, dark, round ball inside the cell / Contains genetic material

Cytoplasm- Distributes materials such as oxygen / Jelly like substance

Chloroplasts (Only plants)- Structures in which
Photosynthesis takes
place. / Chlorophyll is
in chloroplasts. / Only
found in plants and
some unicellular
organisms.

Vacuoles- Balloon like spaces /
storage for food,
waste, and other
substances that
can’t be used right
away

Question 18

Xylem

Answer 18

Conveys water and dissolved minerals from roots to rest of plant.

Question 19

Phloem

Answer 19

Transports carbon from leaves to rest of plant.

Question 20

Transpiration

Answer 20

The exhalation of water vapor through the stomata.

Question 21

Multicellular Advantages

Answer 21

Longer lifespan, ability to adapt to different enviroments

Question 22

Multicellular Disadvantages

Answer 22

Needs more food - Needs more energy

Question 23

Unicellular Advantages

Answer 23

Much simple structures that do not have to monitor multiple systems to make sure everything is stable.

Question 24

Unicellular Disadvantages

Answer 24

Only have one cell to function their entire being