Topic 5 & 6

Question 1

Define Unity

Answer 1

Species share common traits from common ancestry

Question 2

Define Diversity

Answer 2

differences between species arise when species accumulate heritable changes (adapting) after diverging from their common ancestor

Question 3

What was Darwin’s Reasoning?

Answer 3

Darwin reasoned that large morphological gaps between related groups could be explained by this branching process and past extinction events

Question 4

Define Catastrophism

Answer 4

Where catastrophes are the event to push species to die off, while another takes its place

Question 5

Define Lamarckism

Answer 5

An organism can pass on characteristics that it acquired during its lifetime to its offspring

Question 6

What was the Mechanism for Evolution?

Answer 6

Natural selection is the mechanism for descent with modification that gives rise to adaptation and speciation

Question 7

What were Darwin’s Two Obesrvations and Inferences?

Answer 7

Observations 1 & 2: individuals in a population vary in their inherited traits, populations can produce more offspring than the environment can support

Inference 1 & 2: population with variation, only some of those individuals will survive with more advantageous traits. The unequal ability of individuals to survive and reproduce will lead to the accumulation of advantage traits in the population over generations