Topic 5 Flashcards
Segmentation
Assists the business by identifying the most appropriate clients (market segment) and delivery of service to ensure clients’ needs are satisfied in the most profitable way, yet ensuring that ongoing value is experienced by each market segment
Market segment
A group of people or organizations sharing one or more characteristics that cause them to have similar product and/or service needs
Market segment criteria
- It is distinct from other segments (different segments have different needs)
- It is homogeneous within the segment (exhibits common needs)
- It responds similarly to a market stimulus, and it can be reached by a market intervention
Planning segmentation
- Business vision
- Analysis - external and internal factors (SWOT)
- Market position - how the business is perceived
- Target market - who the ideal client is
- Objectives - practice and financial
- Strategies - achieving the objectives
Implementing segmentation
Choosing a target market is the result of the business segmenting its client base and then deciding where to concentrate its efforts to obtain the best return on its investment
Market segmentation
The act of subdividing a market into distinct and meaningful subsets that might merit financial planning advice
Targeting
The act of evaluating, selecting, and concentrating on those segments that the business can serve most effectively
Mass-marketing approach
- Treats markets/target audiences as aggregates, focusing on common needs, not differences - it is a single marketing mix
- The business offers only one way of delivering service with the same set of products, regardless of the client (from a single marketing mix to targeting the mass market)
Segmented approach
Treats markets/target audiences as consisting of sub-groups, each having different needs, and focuses on the needs of one or more
Determining segmentation criteria example
Income of R480 000 per annum
Professional occupation
Value of assets of R3 million +
Age 35+
Demographic segmentation
There are well-defined demographics (race and gender, etc) in South Africa that can be accessed easily enough
Not sufficiently defined as it doesn’t relate to client needs
Psychographic segmentation
Assumes that the client needs are dependent on client behavior and, therefore, by segmenting on the basis of client attitudes, you can obtain a closer match to their underlying needs
Technographic segmentation
Works on the proposition that clients have differing attitudes to technology and, therefore, have different levels of acceptance of the use of technology in the delivery of financial services - Internet financial planning, telephone financial planning
Client relationship management focus
- Identify customers most likely to buy new products or services
- Improve customer service and satisfaction by knowing how to differentiate and customize
- Improve the link between corporate advertising, promotions, product management, and sales channels
- Increase sales effectiveness
- Target the design and marketing of products more effectively
- Support low-cost alternatives to traditional sales methods
- Coordinate the different aspects of marketing that affect the customer to achieve a loyal relationship
Basic universal rules of friendship
- Provide emotional support
- Respect privacy
- Preserve confidence and be tolerant of other friendships
Data marketing
Captures past transactions and purchasing history for future trends
Not-so-obvious information such as responses to different types of promotion and even types of intervention (like personal mail, etc) should be captured in your database
Types of data your database may contain
- Transaction data
- Customer and prospect access information
- Promotional information
- Product purchasing data
- Geo-demographic information
Transaction data
Information on commercial transactions between your business and the customer (for example, policies and investments purchased, policies not taken up, lapses, complaints, etc)
Customer and prospect access information
Information on how to contact customers and prospects (for example, telephone numbers, emails, etc.) and information on the nature of transactions between your business, the company you work for and the customer (psychographic and behavioral data)
Promotional information
Information on which campaigns have been launched (pilots and fully rolled-out campaigns), who has responded to them, and what the financial and commercial results were
Product purchasing data
Information on which products have been purchased, how often, how much, repurchased trends, life-cycle purchasing habits, cross-selling, and multiple selling statistics, type of business needs (for example, single premium vs. recurring premiums)
Geo-demographic information
Information about areas where customers live and the social or business category they belong to
Maintenance of data
Key element of relationship marketing
The value and validity of the data is dependent upon how up to date the data is and whether it contains information useful for planning sales and marketing interventions
Contact management tools
Used to reflect the action and reaction, the request and response, as well as the success or failure of the sequence of actions and activities
Including the responses and actions from the side of the prospect or customer
Contact management tools examples
- When was the contact made?
- What was the request/action/intervention?
- What will our business do about it?
- When and how will we respond?
- How is the process managed, and at which point was the customer’s need met, or did we achieve total customer satisfaction
Marketing audit
Establishes where the business is and why - and then provides the foundation for the implementation of an effective marketing strategy
Market audit questions 1
- Marketplace understanding: Do I know how well competitive firms are satisfying those needs? (Client survey)
- The needs of the company: Does the business have a clear statement of business objectives?
- The present and future service offering: have I evaluated the product range vs. competition recently?
- Pricing approach, policy, and structure (if applicable): Are my clients aware of the value that I deliver in comparison to the price? (Segmentation)
- Client care: Are my staff members committed to client care?
Market audit questions 2
- Public relations: With which target audience should I be communicating?
- Advertising: Are the messages to them persuasive?
- Sales promotion (marketing campaigns): Have specific promotion goals been set?
- Personal selling: should other methods of contacting clients be considered?
- Checking the marketing plan: Do we add a return on investment for marketing spend?
- Broader implications of the marketing audit: 1. Am I auditing early and regularly enough to allow adequate consideration of the key issues, not simply the current problem?
Selective client-aquisition policies
This approach assumes that not every potential client is worth the client-aquisition investment
It is critical because it often costs more to acquire a new client than to retain one, and the majority of the potential client base are not very profitable
Client-aquisition rules
Rule 1: Acquire any client as long as the discounted future value of the client exceeds the acquisition costs for that client.
Rule 2: When you broaden the acquisition effort, be prepared for lower response rates
Rule 3: The greater its profit from retention, the greater a company’s client-aquisition investment should be
Rule 4: The bigger the percentage of the initial acquisition investment that a company recovers in the first period, the greater its acquisition investment should be.
Rule 1
A company should continue to invest until it can no longer cover its investment on the last incremental client
A company will under-invest, stopping with prospects whose NPV is far greater than zero, but it fails to maximize its client equity
Rule 2 (linked to rule 1)
Assumes that companies target their best clients first, their second-best clients second, and so on
A company faces diminishing response rates as it tries to acquire more clients
Rule 3
The greater the retention rate or the higher the add-on selling potential, the more a company can invest in future clients
If future profits from a client are high, then the company can afford to lose more on its initial investment to acquire the client
Rule 4
Early returns determine the risk level of the investment
Although a discount rate can be used to adjust for risk, most managers prefer faster payoff investments because of the uncertainty of the future
Rule 3 and 4 acquisition strategies
- Full throttle
- Slingshot
- Pay As You Go
- Divest/Restructure
- Targeting
Full throttle
High-retention profit potential combined with short-term investment recovery makes now client acquisition a major opportunity
The company invests as much as possible in acquisition until the NPV of the marginal client is negative
The risk of this strategy is low, and its return is high
Slingshot
High-retention profit potential combined with a long investment recovery time calls
The long time until pay-out makes the investment risky
Used among Internet companies
Pay As You Go
Most appropriate when retention/profit potential is low and acquisition-investment recovery time is short.
The company invests as though all profits will accrue in the current period
Short-term profit goals drive the company’s investment
Divest/Restructure
A company must restructure its marketing system
Client acquisition will not pay out because the initial payback is low, and retention and add-on sales are low
The company will not be profitable in the long run, and it will have very low client equity
Client-aquisition tactics
The most effective way in which to acquire new clients is to compile a target market plan
Should be underpinned with the overall marketing strategy, which includes a client segmentation strategy, criteria, and different service levels identified with each segment
What is a target market
A group of people who share a set of characteristics
A specific group of clients for whom the financial planner would like to position the services he can offer
Can be set on the basis of sex, occupation, geographical area, needs, social groups, nationality, and a host of other things