TOPIC 5

Question 1

• This may be a rough sketch or any official base plan of a property.

Answer 1

Sketch Plan

Question 2

• A sketch plan of a property based on the relocation survey.

Answer 2

Relocation Plan

Question 3

• From subdivision survey or splitting a tract of land into smaller parcels.

Answer 3

Subdivision Plan

Question 4

• Re-mapping of two or more adjacent lots or parcels of land, combining them into one larger parcel.

Answer 4

Consolidation Plan

Question 5

• Angles between adjacent lines in a closed polygon.
• They may be measured clockwise or counterclockwise.
• Re-entrant angles are interior angles greater than 180 degrees.
• The sum of the interior angle of any polygon is equal to (n - 2)(180 degrees), where n is the number of sides.

Answer 5

Interior Angles

Question 6

• Angles located outside a closed polygon.

Answer 6

Exterior Angles

Question 7

• The angles between a line and the prolongation of the preceding line.
• May be turned to the right (clockwise) or turned to the left (counterclockwise) and appended with letters R or L.
• Right deflections have the opposite signs of left deflections
• Positive signs normally defines angle with deflection to the right.
• May have values 0 to 180 degrees but often not used to angles greater than 90 degrees.
• In a close polygon, the algebraic sum of the deflection angle should always equal 360 degrees

Answer 7

Deflection Angles

Question 8

• These are angles measured clockwise from the preceding line to the succeeding line.
• This is also called Azimuths

Answer 8

Angles to the Right

Question 9

• Acute horizontal angles between the reference meridian and the line.
• Contains angles that are between 0 to 90 degrees.
• It always starts on either N or S and will turn E or W.
• ___ can be measured in reference to True or Magnetic meridian

Answer 9

Bearings

Question 10

• The angle between the meridian and the line measured clockwise.
• Contains angles that are between 0 to 360 degrees.
• Reference meridian can be the N or S.
• can be true, magnetic, grid or assumed.

Answer 10

Azimuth

Question 11

• An imaginary line between the North Pole and the South Pole, drawn on maps to help to show the position of the place. In surveying, it is the direction of a line defined by the horizontal angle between the line and an arbitrarily chosen reference line. (Ghilani & Wolf, 2012)

Answer 11

Meridian

Question 12

Types of Meridians:

Answer 12

1. True Meridian
2. Magnetic Meridian
3. Grid Meridian
4. Assumed Meridian

Question 13

• Also called astronomic or geographic meridian.
• This line passes through the geographic north and south of the earth and the observer’s position.
• The generally adapted reference line in surveying.
• The direction of ____ is invariable and unchanged regardless of time.
•is used for markings of land boundaries.

Answer 13

True Meridian

Question 14

• A line of reference parallel to the magnetic lines of force.
• is not parallel to the True meridian.
• This utilizes the magnetic needle of a compass to locate the magnetic north.
• Used in rough surveys since the ___ changes constantly along with the location of the magnetic poles.

Answer 14

Meridian Magnetic

Question 15

• A fixed line of reference parallel to the central
meridian of a system plane rectangular coordinates

Answer 15

Grid Meridian

Question 16

• This is an arbitrary chosen reference point taken for convenience.
• This utilizes a well defined and permanent reference point.
• Applicable plane surveys of limited extent.

Answer 16

Assumed Meridian

Question 17

•are control points of permanent location where other surveys are referenced from.

Answer 17

Bureau of Lands Location Monument (BLLM)

Question 18

•Parcel size is an intrinsic constraint on a site’s development potential.
•Smaller sites,

Answer 18

Parcel Size and Shape

Question 19

•Spatial variation in a site’s elevation creates slopes that have both a gradient and an orientation.
•In site planning, moderate (8 to 15%) to steep slope (15 to 25%) would require soil protection or stabilization while flat terrain (1%) would be challenging in terms of drainage.

Answer 19

Slopes

Question 20

•Slope orientation of the compass direction that the slope faces (for example, north or northeast).
•Aspect influences microclimate by affecting the amount of solar radiation striking the site

Answer 20

Aspect

Question 21

•Topography and landform can be analyzed by…
- is a drawing made on a plane, which vertically cuts through the earth and/or an object like a building.
•The ground line delineates the interface between earth and space and illustrates the relief of the topography.

Answer 21

Constructing a Section

Question 22

1. Indicate the cutting plane.
2. Draw parallel lines according to the contour interval and proposed vertical scale.
3. Project perpendicular lines from the intersection of the contour line with the cutting plane to the corresponding parallel line.
4. Connect the points to complete the section and delineate the ground line.
   .

Answer 22

Drawing a Section

Question 23

1. All points on the same contour line are at the same elevation.
2. Every contour line is a continuous line, which forms a closed figure, either within or beyond the limits of the map or drawing.
3. Two or more contour lines are required to indicate three-dimensional form and direction of slope.
4. The steepest slope is perpendicular to the contour lines. This is a result of having the greatest vertical change in the shortest horizontal distance
5. Water flows perpendicularly to contour lines.
6. For the same scale and contour interval, the steepness of slope increases as the map distance between contour lines decreases.
7. Equally spaced contour lines indicate a constant, or uniform, slope.
8. Contour lines never cross except where there is an overhanging cliff, natural bridge, or other similar phenomenon. Characteristics of Contour Lines
9. In the natural landscape, contour lines never divide or split. However, this is not necessarily true at the interface between the natural and built landscape.

Answer 23

Characteristics of Contour Lines

Question 24

In analyzing a landform, certain geomorphic features are described by distinct contour configurations referred to as contour signatures.
• Ridge
•Valley
Summit
•Depression Contour Signatures and Landform Ridge and Valley

Answer 24

Contour Signatures and Landform

Question 25

is a landform, such as a knoll, hill, or mountain, which contains the highest point relative to the surrounding terrain.

Answer 25

Summit

Question 26

are characterized by contour lines that are spaced at increasing distances in the downhill direction.
•This means that the slope is steeper at the higher elevations and becomes progressively more flat at the lower elevations.
is the reverse of a concave.

Answer 26

Concave and Convex Slopes

Question 27

•Along the __, contour lines are spaces at equal distances.
• The change in elevation occurs at a constant rate

Answer 27

Uniform Slope

Question 28

is raised, elongated landform. At the narrow end of the form the contours point in the downhill direction.

Answer 28

Ridge

Question 29

will be relatively parallel, and there will be a high point or several high points along the ridge.

Answer 29

contours along the sides of the ridge

Question 30

is an elongated depression that forms the space between two ridges.

Answer 30

valley

Question 31

are interconnected since the ridge side slopes create the valley walls. A valley is represented by contours that point uphill.

Answer 31

Valleys and ridges

Question 32

is similar for both ridge and the valley so it is important to note the direction of slope

Answer 32

contour pattern

Question 33

closed figures with the highest contour at the center Since the land slopes away in all directions, summits tend to drain well.

Answer 33

The contours form concentric

Question 34

is a landform that contains the lowest point relative to the surrounding terrain.
•Graphically, the lowest contour is often distinguished by the use of hachures. Since ____ collect water, they typically form lakes, ponds, and wetlands.

Answer 34

depression

Question 35

having contour lines are spaced at decreasing distances in the downhill direction. The ____ is flatter at the higher elevations and becomes progressively sleeper at the lower elevations.

Answer 35

Slope