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Physics > Topic 4 Waves(completed) > Flashcards

Topic 4 Waves(completed) Flashcards

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1
Q

Waves transfer ____and____ without transferring___

A

Information
Energy
Matter

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2
Q

What is frequency

A

The number of waves that pass a point a second

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3
Q

What is wavelength

A

The distance between the same point on 2 different waves

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4
Q

What is amplitude

A

The height of a wave

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5
Q

The time it takes for a complete wave to pass

A
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6
Q

Wavefronts are the same points on 2 waves

A
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7
Q

Wave speed is how far a wave travels in a second

A
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8
Q

What is the 2 equations involving wave speed

A

Wave speed= distance/time
Wave speed=frequency multiply wavelength

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9
Q

What is used to measure frequency

A

Herts
Hz

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10
Q

What are longitudinal and transverse waves

A

Transverse-direction of travel perpendicular to direction of vibration(waves)
Longitudinal-direction of travel in parallel to direction of vibration

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11
Q

All waves on electromagnetic spectrum are ______

A

Transverse

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12
Q

What type of waves are sound waves

A

Longitudinal
Cannot travel in space because of vacuum

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13
Q

What piece of equipment is used to measure speed of sound in air

A

An oscilloscope

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14
Q

How do you measure ripples on water surface using a strobe light

A

Place paper(screen)under tank of water
Use dipper that dips in and out of water to create waves
You will see wave pattern made by shadows of wave crests that are the wavelengths

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15
Q

When a wave reflects off a surface what happens

A

The wave bounces back off of it

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16
Q

When a wave is absorbed by a material what happens

A

The wave can’t travel through or bounce back and doesn’t go anywhere

17
Q

What is refraction

A

When a wave changes direction and speed when passing through a different medium

18
Q

If a wave passes through a new material what is this called

A

Transmissio
Wavelengths in more dense materials isn longer

19
Q

Explain how refraction works

A

When a wave passes into a new medium that is more dense it’s ssleed will slow down and it will bend slightly towards the normal

20
Q

Different substances may absorb ,transmit,refract or reflect waves in different ways that vary with the wavelength of a wave

A
21
Q

1What are sounds with frequencies less than20 Hz called
2What are sounds with frequencies more than20,000Hz called

A

1 Infrasound
2 Ultrasound

22
Q

What are 2 uses of ultrasound

A

Sonar detecting
Foetal scanning in babies

23
Q

What is the process in the human ears for how they hear things(6 things)

A

Ear canal-ear drum -tiny bones-cochlea-hairs-auditory nerves

24
Q

Explain how each does it’s job
Ear canal
Ear drum
(3)Tiny bones
Cochlea
Hairs
Auditory nerves

A

Ear canal-directs and funnels sound waves to ear drum
Ear drum -vibrates when sound hits it
(3)Tiny bones-vibrate and pass onto the cochlea
Cochlea-contains fluid that controls balance and detects frequencies of sound
Hairs-create electrical impulses
Auditory nerves-send electrical impulses to the brain
Hairs-

25
Q

Explain how ultrasound is used for foetal and sonar scanning

A

Ultrasound wave sent out
Hits object /structure
Bounces back of structure back to where it came from
Ultrasound detector defects there is an object there

26
Q

Which of these could be the frequency of ultrasound
A 45Hz
B 450Hz
C 4500Hz
D 45000Hz

A

D 45000Hz
2
(+20000Hz)

27
Q

The speed of a wave is 3 km/s
And has a frequency of 100Hz
What is the wavelength

A

Wavelength=Wave speed/frequency
3km/s=3000m/s
3000/100=30m
30 Metres

28
Q

Give a use of infrasound waves

A

Exploring the underground of the earth

29
Q

When earthquakes happen there are 2 waves that occur what are they called

A

P(primary) wave
S(secondary) wave

30
Q

What type of wave is p wave

A

Longitudinal less dangerous

31
Q

What type of wave is S wave

A

Transverse more dangerous

32
Q

What is a shadow zone of a wave

A

A part where a p or S wave doesn’t reach in the earth

33
Q

S waves are transverse
Transverse waves can only move through solid
When transverse waves pass through the earth and and pass through core the refract and pass through and when they enter the mantle and outer core they begin to refract away in the liquid

A
34
Q

P waves are longitudinal
Longitudinal waves can pass through solids liquids and gases
When the p waves pass through the earths core they begin to refract but when they enter the mantle and outer core they refract even more and speed up and bend away

A

Physics (7 decks)

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