Topic 4 - UK's Evolving Physical Landscape

Question 1

Where are the upland areas located in the UK

Answer 1

North and West / Above Tees-Exe line

Question 2

Where are the lowland areas located in the UK

Answer 2

South and East / Below Tees-Exe Line

Question 3

Which river runs through London

Answer 3

The River Thames

Question 4

What are the 3 main types of rock

Answer 4

Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic

Question 5

How are Metamorphic rocks formed

Answer 5

Metamorphic rocks are formed when heat and pressure cause other rocks to change

Question 6

How are Sedimentary rocks formed

Answer 6

Sedimentary rocks are formed when layers of sediment are compacted together over time

Question 7

How are Igneous rocks formed

Answer 7

Igneous rocks are formed when magma from the Earth’s mantle cools and hardens

Question 8

Name a typical property of Igneous rocks

Answer 8

A typical property of igneous rocks is that they are hard

Question 9

What type of rock is Limestone

Answer 9

Sedimentary Rock

Question 10

Name 3 ways that tectonic activity has shaped the UK Landscape

Answer 10

Plate Movements, Plate Collisions, Active Volcano

Question 11

What type of rock was formed by magma cooling on the UK’s surface?

Answer 11

Igneous Rock

Question 12

Which rock type commonly forms wide, flat valleys?

Answer 12

Clay

Question 13

Name 2 characteristics of Granite

Answer 13

Hard, Resistant

Question 14

T/F Limestone is impermeable

Answer 14

False, it is permeable

Question 15

Define Permeable

Answer 15

A substance can flow through it

Question 16

Define Impermeable

Answer 16

A substance can’t flow through it

Question 17

Why is Slate hard and resistant

Answer 17

It is formed in layers

Question 18

Why does Clay form wide, flat valleys

Answer 18

It is easily erodible

Question 19

What are the 4 main physical landscape processes

Answer 19

weathering, erosion, post-glacial river processes and slope processes

Question 20

What are the 3 types of weathering

Answer 20

Biological, Chemical, Mechanical

Question 21

Define Erosion

Answer 21

Erosion is where materials are worn away by natural forces (Wind, Water)

Question 22

What is Post-glacial river process?

Answer 22

When ice melts at the end of a glacial period making rivers larger and more powerful to erode the landscape

Question 23

What affects physical processes?

Answer 23

Climate

Question 24

How has agriculture affected the UK’s landscape

Answer 24

Forest has been cleared to make space for agriculture

Question 25

What human activities have shaped distinctive landscapes over time?

Answer 25

Agriculture, Settlement, Forestry

Question 26

What physical landscape process are mass movement and soil creep examples of?

Answer 26

Slope Processes

Question 27

What happens in Biological Weathering

Answer 27

In Biological Weathering, living things break down rocks

Question 28

What are the 2 main types of waves

Answer 28

Constructive, Destructive

Question 29

T/F Constructive waves are small waves that are not very tall above the surface of the ocean

Answer 29

True

Question 30

Name 2 characteristics of Destructive waves

Answer 30

Destructive waves are tall, frequent

Question 31

Define Deposition

Answer 31

Deposition is the sea depositing solid material from the sea onto the land on the coastline

Question 32

What are the 3 main erosional processes

Answer 32

Hydraulic Power, Abrasion, Attrition

Question 33

Name 2 Coastal Defences

Answer 33

Sea Walls, Groynes

Question 34

What are sea walls made of and what do they do

Answer 34

Sea walls are made out of materials that block waves

Question 35

What are Groynes

Answer 35

Groynes are fences that stick out at 90o to the coast

Question 36

What do Groynes do

Answer 36

Groynes stop the process of longshore drift by trapping material against the fence