Topic 4 - Sanctions

Question 1

What are the 5 purposes of sanctions?

Answer 1

punishment, deterrence, denunciation, protection, rehabilitation

Question 2

What is punishment?

Answer 2

revenge against offenders to ‘punish’ them

Question 3

What is deterrence?

Answer 3

discourages offenders/other people from committing similar crimes

Question 4

What is denunciation?

Answer 4

court sends a message to society that they will not tolerate these types of crimes (new)

Question 5

What is protection?

Answer 5

care for the community/society by removing the offender or keeping them busy

Question 6

What is rehabilitation?

Answer 6

assists offenders in changing attitudes and being treated

Question 7

How do we know our purposes or sanctions are working?

Answer 7

By analysing recidivism rates.

Question 8

What is a fine?

Answer 8

A financial charge imposed for a crime that discourages future offence through financial consequences. Amount varies based on severity and offender’s finances.
Achieves: deterrence, punishment

Question 9

What is a Community Correction Order (CCO)?

Answer 9

An order that tries to correct the behaviour in the community. It is a supervised sentence served in the community and allows for rehabilitation.
Achieves: deterrence, rehabilitation

Question 10

What might you receive a fine for?

Answer 10

minor driving offences, parking offences, drinking in public

Question 11

What might you receive a CCO for?

Answer 11

burglary/theft, drug offences

Question 12

How does a CCO differ from imprisonment?

Answer 12

A CCO allows offenders to serve their sentence in the community under supervision and specific conditions, whereas imprisonment involves confinement in a correctional facility, restricting the individual’s freedom.

Question 13

What is Youth Diversion?

Answer 13

A sanction that provides an opportunity for eligible young people appearing before a children’s court to:
- accept responsibility for their behaviour
- complete a diversion program
- have charges against them dropped upon successful completion
- avoid the negative stigma associated with a criminal record
Achieves: deterrence, rehabilitation, protection

Question 14

Who is eligible for Youth Diversion?

Answer 14

• juvenile who has never offended (minor offence)
• accused admits crime before court hearing
• shows a willingness to take responsibility for their actions

Question 15

Key characteristics of imprisonment?

Answer 15

• removes all civil liberties
• most serious sentence
• offenders have a very difficult time returning to the community
  Achieves: deterrence, punishment, protection

Question 16

Why do judges try and avoid sentencing someone to prison?

Answer 16

Imprisonment is quite hard to overcome, as it makes it difficult to return to a normal life (hard to get a job).

Question 17

Who was the last person hung in Australia? What year?

Answer 17

Ronald Ryan, 1967

Question 18

When was the death penalty abolished in Australia?

Answer 18

1985

Question 19

Why was the death penalty banned in Australia?

Answer 19

• barbaric and inhumane
• we should not decide who gets to live or die
• cannot be reversed
• no second chance, no opportunity to rehabilitate

Question 20

A country that still has the death penalty?

Answer 20

Parts of the US