Topic 4 - Managing People

Question 1

Flexible workforce

Answer 1

A workforce that can respond, in quantity and type, to changes in market demand

Question 2

Home - workers

Answer 2

People who undertake their regular work from home

Question 3

Industrial action

Answer 3

Disruptive measures taken by workers, to apply pressure on employers, when disagreements cannot be resolved

Question 4

Outsourcing

Answer 4

Getting other people or businesses to undertake work that was originally done in-house

Question 5

Multi - skilling

Answer 5

The process of increasing the skills of employees

Question 6

Trade unions

Answer 6

Organisations of workers that exist to promote the interests of their members

Question 7

Zero-hours contract

Answer 7

A contract that does not guarantee any particular number of hours’ work

Question 8

Off the job training

Answer 8

Training that takes place away from the work area

Question 9

On the job training

Answer 9

Training that takes place while doing the job

Question 10

Person specification

Answer 10

A personal profile of the type of person needed to do a particular job

Question 11

Training

Answer 11

A process that involves increasing the knowledge and skills of a worker, to enable them to do their job more effectively

Question 12

Collective bargaining

Answer 12

A method of determining conditions of work and terms of employment, through negotiations between employers and employee representatives.

Question 13

Centralisation

Answer 13

A type of business organisation where major decisions are made at the centre or core of the organisation, then passed down the chain of command

Question 14

Chain of command

Answer 14

The way authority and power is organised in an organisation

Question 15

Decentralisation

Answer 15

A type of business organisation where decision making is pushed down the chain of command, away from the centre of the organisation

Question 16

Delayering

Answer 16

Removing layers of management from the hierarchy of an organisation

Question 17

Delegation

Answer 17

The passing of authority further down the managerial hierarchy

Question 18

Span of control

Answer 18

The number of people a person is directly responsible for in a business

Question 19

Commission

Answer 19

Percentage payment on a sale, made to the salesperson

Question 20

Bonus

Answer 20

A payment in addition to the basic wage for reaching targets or in recognition for service

Question 21

Job rotation

Answer 21

The periodic changing of jobs and tasks

Question 22

Performance related pay/PRP

Answer 22

A payment system designed for non-manual workers, where pay increases are given if performance targets are met

Question 23

Profit sharing

Answer 23

Where workers are given a share of the profits, usually as part of their pay

Question 24

Empowerment

Answer 24

Giving official authority to employees, to make decisions and control their own work activities

Question 25

Team working

Answer 25

Organising people into working groups that have a common aim

Question 26

Piece rate

Answer 26

A payment system where employees are paid an agreed fee for units produced

Question 27

Job enrichment

Answer 27

Giving employees greater responsibility and recognition by 'vertically' extending there work role

Question 28

Motivation/ motivated

Answer 28

The desire to take action to achieve a goal

Question 29

Job enlargement

Answer 29

Giving employees more work to do of a similar nature - by 'horizontally' extending their work role

Question 30

Hawthorne effect

Answer 30

The idea that workers are motivated by recognition given to them as a group

Question 31

Hygiene factors - Herzberg's

Answer 31

Things at work that result in dissatisfaction

Question 32

Maslow's hierarchy of needs

Answer 32

The order of people's needs, starting with basic human requirements

Question 33

Motivator's - Herzberg's

Answer 33

Things at work that result in satisfaction

Question 34

Scientific management

Answer 34

A theory that suggests there is a 'best' way to perform work tasks

Question 35

Curriculum vitae

Answer 35

A document listing personal details, qualifications, work experience, referees & other info about the job seeker

Question 36

Induction training

Answer 36

Training given to new employees when they first start a job

Question 37

Job description

Answer 37

A document that shows clearly the tasks, duties & responsibilities of a worker for a particular job

Question 38

Organisational chart

Answer 38

A diagram that shows the different job roles in a business and how they relate to each other

Question 39

Formal organisation

Answer 39

The internal structure of a business, as shown by the organisation chart

Question 40

Hierarchy

Answer 40

The order of the levels of responsibility in an organisation from lowest to highest

Question 41

Responsibility

Answer 41

The duty to complete a task

Question 42

Subordinates

Answer 42

People in the hierarchy who work under the control of a senior worker

Question 43

Autocratic leadership

Answer 43

A leadership style where a manager makes all the decisions without consultation

Question 44

Democratic leadership

Answer 44

A leadership style where managers allow others to participate in decision making

Question 45

Laissez - faire

Answer 45

A leadership style where employees are encouraged to make their own decisions, within certain limits

Question 46

Paternalistic leadership

Answer 46

Leader makes the decisions but takes into account the welfare of employees

Question 47

External recruitment

Answer 47

Appointing workers from outside the business

Question 48

Internal recruitment

Answer 48

Appointing workers from inside the business

Question 49

Authority

Answer 49

The right to command and make decisions

Question 50

Consultation

Answer 50

Listening to the views of employees before making key decisions that affect them

Question 51

Payment by results

Answer 51

Payment methods that reward workers for the quantity and quality of work they produce

Question 52

Self actualisation

Answer 52

A level in maslows hierarchy of needs, where people realise their full potential