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Chemistry > Topic 4 Inorganics > Flashcards

Topic 4 Inorganics Flashcards

1
Q

Group 2 + water —> ?

A

Metal Hydroxide (base) + H2(g)

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2
Q

Trend of reactivity in group 2

A

Increase

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3
Q

Group 2 + O2—>?

A

Metal oxide (base)

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4
Q

What is the appearance of a group 2 oxide

A

White solid

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5
Q

Does group 2 hydroxide solubility increase or decrease down the group

A

Increase

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6
Q

Solubility trend of group 2 sulfates

A

Decrease down the group

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7
Q

What do group 2 Carbonates decompose to

A

Metal oxides and carbon dioxide

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8
Q

What do group 2 nitrates decompose to

A

Metal oxides, nitrogen dioxide and oxygen

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9
Q

How does carbonate/nitrate stability change as you go down group 2 and why

A

Increase - large electron cloud in anion is distorted - distorted anions can decompose more easily - size of cation increase down group, charge density decreases so less distortion of anion

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10
Q

Are group 1 or 2 carbonated more thermally stable

A

Group 1

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11
Q

Which is the only group group 1 carbonate to decompose under a Bunsen and what does it form

A

Lithium carbonate —-> lithium oxide and carbon dioxide

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12
Q

What do group 1 nitrates decompose to

A

Group 1 Nitrites and oxygen

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13
Q

What does LiNO3 decompose to

A

Li2O, NO2 and O2

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14
Q

What are the formulas of nitrate and nitrite ions

A

NO3- and NO2-

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15
Q

What are 2 method to test thermal stability of nitrates

A

Measure how long it takes to produce an amount of oxygen. Use a gas syringe or a glowing splint. Or measure how long it takes to produce NO2 (toxic brown gas)

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16
Q

What is the method to test thermal stability of carbonates

A

Time to turn limewater cloudy (or use a gas syringe)

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17
Q

How do you get different colours in flame tests

A

Electrons absorb energy from flame, move to higher energy subshells, when they drop back energy released as photons. Different colours depend on wavelength of energy released.

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18
Q

Flame colour: Li

A

Crimson

19
Q

Flame colour sodium

A

Orange

20
Q

Flame colour potassium

A

Lilac

21
Q

Flame colour rubidium

A

Red

22
Q

Flame colour caesium

A

Blue

23
Q

Flame colour calcium

A

Brick red

24
Q

Flame colour Strontium

A

Crimson

25
Q

Flame colour Barium

A

Green

26
Q

Colour and state of group 7 elements

A

Fl2 - pale yellow gas
Cl2 - pale green gas
Br2 - brown - orange liquid
I2 - grey solid

27
Q

What reaction occurs with halogens in cold alkali. Include equation

A

Disproportionation
X2 + 2NaOH —-> NaXO + NaX + H2O

28
Q

What reaction occurs with halogens and HOT alkali give equation

A

Disproportionation
3X2 + 6NaOH —> NaXO3 + 5NaX + 3H2O

29
Q

How is bleach made

A

Disproportionation of sodium hydroxide and chlorine to make sodium chlorate (I)

30
Q

Three uses of bleach

A

-Treating water
-Bleaching paper and fabrics
-Cleaning agents

31
Q

How does adding water to chlorine sterilise the water

A

Chlorate ion is formed (ClO-) which kills bacteria

32
Q

What kind of agent are halide ions

A

Reducing - they lose an electron

33
Q

Does reducing power of Halide ions increase or decrease down the group

A

Increase

34
Q

What is the only possible set of product of sulfuric acid and chloride ions

A

NaHSO4 + HCl

35
Q

What are the 2 possible set of products of Br- and Na2SO4

A

NaHSO4 + HBr and SO2 + Br2 + 2H2O

36
Q

What are the 4 possible sets of products of I- and H2SO4

A
  1. NaHSO4 + HI
  2. SO2 + I2 + 2H2O
  3. 3I2 + S + 4H2O
  4. 4I2 + H2S +4H2O
37
Q

What is the standard state of hydrogen halides

A

Gas

38
Q

What forms when ammonia reacts with hydrogen halides and what is the visible observation

A

White fumes of ammonium halide

39
Q

Test and colours for halides

A

Nitric acid then silver nitrate, white Cl-, cream Br-, yellow I-

40
Q

How to confirm silver nitrate test for halides with ammonia

A

AgCl precipitate dissolve in dilute and conc ammonia, AgBr ppt dissolve only in conc ammonia AgI ppt is insoluble in ammonia

41
Q

Carbonate test and how to confirm

A

Acid then limewater

42
Q

Sulfate test

A

Barium Chloride after dilute HCl

43
Q

Test for ammonium ions

A

Add NaOH and heat - use damp red litmus paper to test - ammonia will dissolve and turn litmus paper blue

44
Q

Test for hydroxides

A

Turn red litmus paper blue

Chemistry (14 decks)

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