Topic 4- Genetic information, variation and relationships

Question 1

Describe how a gene is a code for the production of a polypeptide. Do not
include information about transcription or translation in your answer (3)

Answer 1

-Because the base sequence is in triplets which determines the sequence of amino acids and the primary structure of the polypeptide

Question 2

Describe how a phosphodiester bond is formed between two nucleotides
within a DNA molecule.

Answer 2

-Condensation reaction
-between phosphate and deoxyribose
-catalysed by DNA polymerase

Question 3

Give three ways in which the DNA in a chloroplast is different from DNA in
the nucleus

Answer 3

In chloroplasts the DNA is shorter, there is fewer genes,

Question 4

what type of polymers are RNA and DNA

Answer 4

ribonucleic acids
deoxyribonucleic acids

Question 5

what are the components of RNA molecules

Question 6

what does an RNA molecule consist of?

Answer 6

a ribose sugar, a phosphate and anorganic base

Question 7

what does a DNA molecule consist of?

Answer 7

a deoxyribose, a phosphate, and an organic base

Question 8

what bonds join nucleotides together?

Answer 8

phosphodiester bonds (formed in condensation reactions)

Question 9

what codes for a particular amino acid?

Answer 9

a group of 3 bases which codes for a sequence of 3 amino acids known as a codon

Question 10

what bonding joins amino acids together in a polypeptide chain?

Answer 10

peptide