Topic 4: Further Motion Concepts Flashcards

1
Q

What is momentum?

A

The tendency of the object to keep moving in the same direction.

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2
Q

Is momentum a scalar or vector quantity?

A

Vector.

due to it having direction

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3
Q

How do you calculate momentum?

A

momentum = mass x velocity

p=mv

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4
Q

What is the conservation of momentum?

A

The momentum before (an interaction) = momentum after, providing no external forces act.

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5
Q

What is momentum measured in?

A

Kgm/s

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6
Q

How do calculate a change in momentum?

A

Final momentum - initial momentum = change in momentum

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7
Q

What is a mathematical way of writing Newton’s second law?

A

Force = Change in momentum / time for change

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8
Q

What type of collision is kinetic energy completely conserved in?

A

Elastic collisions.

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9
Q

What does x stand for?

A

distance travelled.

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10
Q

What does u stand for?

A

initial velocity of object.

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11
Q

What does v stand for?

A

final velocity of object.

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12
Q

What does a stand for?

A

acceleration of object.

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13
Q

What does t stand for?

A

time of the motion.

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14
Q

When the equations of motion are being used, what has to be constant?

A

Acceleration.

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15
Q

If momentum has direction, what happens to the forces in a collision?

A

There is one direction, so one object will have a negative momentum.

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16
Q

What is a moment?

A

The turning force that acts on the pivot.

17
Q

How do you calculate a moment?

A

Moment = force x distance to the pivot

M=fd

18
Q

What are the units for a moment?

A

Nm

19
Q

What is the principle of moments?

A

sum of clockwise moments = sum of anticlockwise moments.

20
Q

What does it mean if both sides are balanced?

A

That the system is balanced, at equilibrium.

21
Q

What is the equation for kinetic energy?

A

KE = mv² / 2

This is used to calculate the KE before and after an interaction.