Topic 4 - Egonomics Flashcards
Key Research
Drews + Doig (2014) - Evaluation of a configural vital signs display for intensive care unit nurses.
Aims
To develop and evaluate a Configural Vital Signs (CVS) display that would help nurses in ICU to detect physiological deterioration in a patient bu not just giving them numerical data but giving them graphical data that represented variability over time without the nurse having to go beyond the intial screen.
Sample
42 nurses
Miniumum 1 year’s experience
Mean age = 44.6
69% Female
Procedure
Presented with 4 different patient scenarios with 5 minutes to complete them;
- Early sepsis
- Septic Shock
- Pulmonary Embolus
- Stable Scenario
Each time they were provided with the patients’ medical history + past/present medications
IVs
Half the nurses used a traditional (numerical) display and the other half used the CVS (graphical) display.
The CVS display had a thin grey outline to represent normal thresholds, a solid white rectangle to represent the range of the Ps heart rate / blood pressure and the current state object.
DVs
Response time
Accuracy of data interpretation
Results
Response times - Graphcial display were 48% quicker in the septic shock scenario.
Accuracy - Graphical display were 1/3 more accurate in the septic shock.
Nurses also reported significantly lower mental demand in the graphical CVS display condition.
Conclusion
Presenting ICU nurses with trend data in graphical form can lead nurses to diagnose patients’ conditions significantly quicker and with significantly improved accuracy.
Brown + Poulton
Secondary Task Performance
Participants either drove in an area with a relatively small number of important inputs (residential area) or a high number of inputs (busy car park)
Whilst driving, they listened to a tape with a series of numbers and were asked to identify any changes in the series.
Ps made more mistakes on the number task whilst in a busy car park
Cognitive Overload Theory - Ps had less spare mental capacity when in a busy car park, leading to worse performance in the secondary task.
Miller
Short-term Memory (STM) + Chunking
Suggests that if we chunk information together into units that mean something to us, then the 7 chunks of remebered material can be quite large.
There are limits to people’s short-term memory span.
Hawthorne Studies
Aimed to investigate the impact of the physical environment on the productivity levels of the workers.
Varied light levels (experimental group) or constant light levels (control group).
Both groups increased productivity - social desirability bias
This was called the Hawthorne Effect.
Basically just showed social desirability bias / demand characterisitics
Higuera-Trujillo
To study the effect of different colours applied to walls of university classrooms on students’ memory and attention performances. (VR)
80 uni students with good vision and fluent in Spanish
Memory Task = Remebering 3 lists of 15 words, which they had to repeat.
Attention = Reacting to 24 auditory objectives whilst avoiding others (96 distractors), reaction time was recorded.
Colour has a significant impact on memory (p<0.01) and attention (p=0.002). In particular, cold hues (eg, purple / blue) best enhanced cognitive performance.
Application - Cognitive Overload for security guards (CCTV)
- Reduce the Number of screens - Miller
- Paint the room purple - Higuera-Trujillo
- Rotating Shifts - Czeisler