topic 4 biology

Question 1

True or False: All living organisms are made up of cells.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

What is the process by which cells divide to form new cells?

Answer 2

Cell division

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The two main types of cell division are _____ and meiosis.

Answer 3

mitosis

Question 4

What is the main purpose of mitosis?

Answer 4

To produce two identical daughter cells for growth and repair.

Question 5

What type of cell division results in gametes?

Answer 5

Meiosis

Question 6

True or False: Meiosis results in four genetically identical cells.

Answer 6

False

Question 7

What is the function of ribosomes?

Answer 7

Protein synthesis

Question 8

What is the role of the nucleus in a cell?

Answer 8

To store genetic material and control cell activities.

Question 9

What structure regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell?

Answer 9

Cell membrane

Question 10

Fill in the blank: The _____ is responsible for energy production in the cell.

Answer 10

mitochondria

Question 11

What is photosynthesis?

Answer 11

The process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy.

Question 12

What are the two main stages of photosynthesis?

Answer 12

Light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle.

Question 13

True or False: Chloroplasts are found in animal cells.

Answer 13

False

Question 14

What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 14

6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 15

What is the main pigment involved in photosynthesis?

Answer 15

Chlorophyll

Question 16

What are enzymes?

Answer 16

Biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions.

Question 17

Fill in the blank: Enzymes are made up of _____.

Answer 17

proteins

Question 18

What factors can affect enzyme activity?

Answer 18

Temperature, pH, and substrate concentration.

Question 19

What is the active site of an enzyme?

Answer 19

The region where the substrate binds.

Question 20

True or False: Enzymes are consumed in the reactions they catalyze.

Answer 20

False

Question 21

What is respiration?

Answer 21

The process of breaking down glucose to release energy.

Question 22

What are the two types of respiration?

Answer 22

Aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration.

Question 23

What is the equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 23

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy (ATP)

Question 24

Fill in the blank: Anaerobic respiration in yeast produces _____ and carbon dioxide.

Answer 24

ethanol

Question 25

What is homeostasis?

Answer 25

The maintenance of a stable internal environment.

Question 26

What are the three main components of the nervous system?

Answer 26

Brain, spinal cord, and nerves.

Question 27

What is the function of the endocrine system?

Answer 27

To regulate bodily functions through hormones.

Question 28

True or False: Hormones are released directly into the bloodstream.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

What is the role of insulin?

Answer 29

To regulate blood glucose levels.

Question 30

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the body's 'fight or flight' response.

Answer 30

sympathetic nervous system

Question 31

What is a reflex action?

Answer 31

An automatic response to a stimulus.

Question 32

What is biodiversity?

Answer 32

The variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem.

Question 33

Fill in the blank: An ecosystem includes both _____ and abiotic components.

Answer 33

biotic

Question 34

What is a food chain?

Answer 34

A linear sequence of organisms through which nutrients and energy pass.

Question 35

What is the role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

Answer 35

To break down dead organic matter and recycle nutrients.

Question 36

True or False: Trophic levels indicate the position of an organism in a food chain.

Answer 36

True

Question 37

What are the primary producers in an ecosystem?

Answer 37

Plants or photosynthetic organisms.

Question 38

What is the greenhouse effect?

Answer 38

The trapping of heat in the Earth's atmosphere by greenhouse gases.

Question 39

Fill in the blank: Climate change is primarily caused by an increase in _____ gases.

Answer 39

greenhouse

Question 40

What is the role of biodiversity in ecosystems?

Answer 40

To enhance resilience and stability of ecosystems.

Question 41

What can lead to habitat destruction?

Answer 41

Urban development, deforestation, pollution, and climate change.

Question 42

Fill in the blank: Conservation efforts aim to protect _____ and their habitats.

Answer 42

biodiversity