Topic 4 Flashcards
Classify the knee joint
Knee joint = 2 synovial joints inside one cavity
1) tibiofemoral component. Synovial, biaxial, condyloid
140* FLX, 0* EXT, 30* INT ROT, 40* EXT ROT
2) Patellofemoral component. Synovial, multiaxial, plane
Longitudinal gliding, some rotation abt transverse axis
Classify and state the 3 functions of the patella
Sesamoid bone.
- Protection. Protects the front of knee (eg patella absorbs trauma and prevents damage to ligaments during a fall)
- Lever for knee extension. (Quads run over patella)
- Provides a solid base for attachment of tendons
What are the extracapsular ligaments of knee joint?
Fibular (lateral) collateral
What are the capsular ligaments of knee joint?
- tibial (medial) collateral
- oblique popliteal
- arcuate popliteal
- patellar and associated retinacular
What are the intracapsular ligaments of knee joint?
- Anterior cruciate
- Posterior cruciate
- posterior meniscofemoral
Define and describe function of bursae
Fluid filled structure that is present between the skin and tendon, or tendon and bone.
Function is to reduce friction between adjacent moving structures
Name the 6 bursae around the knee
- Suprapatellar
- subcutaneous prepatellar
- subcutaneous infrapatellar
- deep infrapatellar
- pes anserine
- semimenbranosus
Describe movements of knee FLX
Femor fixed, tibia moves - tibia rolls posterior and slides posterior
Tibia fixed, femur moves - femur rolls posterior and slides anterior
Describe movements of knee EXT
Femor fixed, tibia moves - tibia rolls anterior and slides anterior
Tibia fixed, femur moves - femur rolls anterior and slides posterior
Describe why spin, roll and glide occur in combination with another?
To increase joint range. If only one movement occurs (eg. Roll only, or slide only) there is a very limited range of motion
Describe mechanical functions of Patella ligament
It works with the quads to preform knee extension (straighten leg)
What is retinacular?
Sheet of facia that helps to bind things together
Describe mechanical functions of MCL
Limits EXT, MED ROT
Prevents ABD
Describe mechanical functions of LCL
Limits EXT, LAT ROT
Prevent ADD
Describe mechanical functions of ACL
Limits MED ROT
prevents anterior slide of tibia on femur
Describe mechanical functions of PCL
Limits MED ROT
Prevents posterior slide of tibia on femur
Describe mechanical functions of Posterior Meniscofemoral
Stabilises lateral meniscus
Describe mechanical functions of Oblique popliteal lig?
Stabilises posterior aspect of knee
Limits LAT ROT of tibia
Prevents hyperextension of knee
Describe mechanical functions of Arcuate popliteal
Stabilises the posterior aspect of knee
