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Topic 3 and 4 Chem Test Revision > Topic 3.1 > Flashcards

Topic 3.1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a molecule?

A

A molecule is a group of two or more atoms held together by attractive forces known as chemical bonds

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2
Q

What does VSEPR stand for?

A

Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion

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3
Q

What are electron dense regions and what are bonded/lone pairs?

A

Regions with electrons. Lone pairs are pairs of electrons that are not bonded. Bonded pairs are pairs that are bonded.

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4
Q

How many electron dense regions and lone pairs in a linear shape?

A

2 and 0

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5
Q

What are the shapes that have 3 electron dense regions?

A

Trigonal planar and bent

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6
Q

shape that has 4 electron dense regions and 0 lone pairs

A

tetrahedral

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7
Q

What are the shapes that have 4 electron dense regions?

A

tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal and bent

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8
Q

What is the shape of NH3?

A

trigonal pyramidal

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9
Q

What is the shape of BH3?

A

trigonal planar

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10
Q

what is the shape of CO3 2+

A

trigonal planar

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11
Q

State and explain the shape of CH4

A

The central C atom has 4 electron dense regions. Composed of 4 paired and 0 lone pairs. These regions separate at a maximum distance to minimise repulsion. Tetrahedral shape.

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12
Q

State and explain the shape of CO3 2-.

A

The central C atom has 3 electron dense regions. Composed of 3 bonded pairs and 0 lone pairs. These regions separate at a maximum distance to minimise repulsion. Trigonal planar shaep.

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13
Q

Difference between polar and nonpolar molecules

A

Polar molecules have distinct positive and negative ends, nonpolar ones do not.

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14
Q

How are the charges distributed in a polar molecule

A

unevenly

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15
Q

Is a trigonal planar and tetrahedral a nonpolar or polar molecule?

A

nonpolar

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16
Q

Are bent or trigonal pyramidal a nonpolar or polar molecule?

A

polar

17
Q

Is NH3 polar or nonpolar?

A

polar

18
Q

is CO2 polar or nonpolar?

A

nonpolar

19
Q

What is the shape and polarity of H2S?

A

v-shape and nonpolar

20
Q

What is the shape and polarity of SiH4

A

tetrahedral and nonpolar

21
Q

State and explain the polarity of SO3.

A

Atoms of SO3 have unequal electronegativity. Charges are evenly distributed throughout the trigonal planer shaped SO3. SO3 is nonpolar.

22
Q

State and explain the polarity of CH3CL.

A

Atoms of CH3CL have different elecronegativity. Charges are unevenly distributed throughout the tetrahedral shape. The surrounding atoms around the central C atom are not the same. It is a polar molecule.

23
Q

Is NH3 or PH3 more polar?

A

NH3 is more polar because there is a bigger difference in electronegativity.

Topic 3 and 4 Chem Test Revision (4 decks)

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