Topic 3 Structure Flashcards
Properties of giant ionic lattice
Conducts electricity when molten, doesn’t conduct electricity when solid, crystalline, high melting points, soluble in water, is a compound
Properties of a covalent molecular structure
Low melting/boiling points, soft when solid,not very soluble (cannot break up the covalent bonds), does not conduct electricity, has weak intermolecular forces called Van deer Waals
Properties of a giant metallic structure
High melting point, conducts heat/electricity, dense and strong, ductile and malleable
What are the sub categories of the giant covalent structure?
Diamond, graphene and graphite
Properties of diamond
Very high melting/boiling points (this means the bonds are strong), very hard, insoluble, used for jewellery/drills, doesn’t conduct electricity
Properties of graphene
Conducts electricity (has free electrons), conducts heat, nearly transparent, 100x stronger than steel, thin and light, inexpensive, used in phones, LEDs, smart windows, only one layer of atoms (arranged in hexagons) thick
Properties of graphite
Conducts heat/electricity (free electrons), has a layers of carbon which can slide over each other - makes graphite slippery, used in pencils
Allotrope
Different forms off the same element in the same physical state (eg carbon —> graphite, graphene, diamond)
Ductile
Can be drawn into wires (a wire duck)
Malleable
Can be hammered into shape
Alloy
A mixture of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal and the resulting mixture has metallic properties
What elements are used in white gold?
An alloy of gold and silver
What elements are used in rose gold?
An alloy of gold and copper
What elements are used in brass?
An alloy of copper and zinc
What elements are used in steel?
An alloy of iron and carbon
