Topic 1 Atomic Structure Flashcards
Relative mass of proton
1
Relative mass of neutron
1
Relative mass of electron
1/1840
Relative charge of proton
+
Relative charge of neutron
1 (no charge)
Relative charge of electron
-
Where is proton found
Nucleus
Where is neutron found
Nucleus
Where are electrons found
Outer shell(s)
Atomic number
Number of protons in an atom (bottom number)
Mass number
Total number of protons and neutrons in an atom (top number)
Element
Substance that has one type of atom and can’t be broken down into anything simpler
How to calculate number of protons in an atom
Atomic number (bottom number)
How to calculate number of electrons in an atom
Atomic number (bottom number)
How to calculate number of neutrons in an atom
Mass number - atomic number (top - bottom)
Ions
Atoms with a charge (electrons change this)
Cations
Ions with a positive charge
Anions
Ions with a negative charge
Atoms radius
0.1nm
What size is the nucleus of an atom
Less than 1x10 to the power of -14
Compound
Two or more elements chemically combined
Isotopes
Atoms that have the same number of protons but different neutrons (therefore different mass number)
How to find relative atomic mass (RAM)
(Power of first number x percentage of first number) + (power of second number x percentage of second number) /100
Who made the plum pudding model and what does it look like?
JJ Thomson, electrons through a positive sphere, atoms solid throughout
What was Rutherford’s model?
Rutherford made a model of the nucleus being surrounded by electrons
Who made the modern model, why, and what did it look like?
Chadwick made the modern day model as he discovered the electron. It has electrons in a shell with a positive nucleus and space between the shell is the vacuum
What is the structure of an atom?
Central positively charged nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by orbiting electrons in shells
