Topic 3:Socio-cultural influences Flashcards
what effects the rate of participation
socio-economic group age disability ethnicity gender
participation rates definition
the number of people taking part in physical activity
data definition
facts and statistics gathered together to provide information that is easier to see
trends definition
based on data, the general direction something is moving for example obesity levels in children
what do sport England figures show about participation
that some sports are more popular
some groups of people are more likely to take part in physical activity
socio-economic
can affect participation rates and the activity participated in
some activities cost more eg golf memberships
some activities are harder to get to for some people eg rock climbing
some activities take a long time and people have work and family commitments
two types of jobs
highest order
lowest order
highest order jobs
professional or managerial jobs where people have a lot of responsibility
lowest-order jobs
where there is no/little responsibility
gender
society still believes some sports are more associated with either men or women
image- men don’t want to dance or play netball as they think these are female activities, some women don’t want to play rugby as it is seen as a men’s activity
cost- women generally earn less than men
time-traditionally women have less time as they spend more time looking after children
age
access- the local club may only allow certain ages to play at certain times
cost- money may be needed for the bills, not sport
time-less time due to work
nature of the activity- some people may find it harder to exercise if they’re a certain age
ethnicity
cultural influences- family or peers influencing whether someone does or doesn’t do an activity
sterotyping- people’s backgrounds may steer them away from certain activities
cost- ethnic minority groups may not have enough money to spend on sport
disability
availability- lack of facilities
cost- specialist equipment may be expensive
access- physical barriers
stereotyping- people assume they can’t complete the activity
what is in the golden triangle
commercialisation
media
sport
commercialisation
those that make a profit from the sales of goods
sponsorships
can be for
an individual
a team
an event
media
provides entertainment
live TV, radio and the internet
physical activity
player needs funding for:
facilities
equipment
competitions
advantages of commercialisation for the sponsor
excellent advertising for their product
increased awareness of the brand
product associated with high-quality performance giving the brand high status
advantages of the sport
more media coverage
raised awareness of sports to increase participation
the higher profile of sport means more commercial interest
advantages for the player
can be paid millions to endorse the product
can train full-time and not have to complete another job to fund training
can receive top-quality equipment to help performance
advantages for the spectator
more coverage
top events
replay
red button
disadvantages for the sponsor
media may not get a high number of viewers
company doesn’t get the amount of exposure they wanted
the player doesn’t perform well
player becomes a bad role model
disadvantages for the sport
clothing and rules changed to make the game more appealing for viewers
breaks in play for advertising purposes
minority sports not shown by the media= decrease in participation
disadvantages for the player
event times make the conditions for the player less favourable for the performer
withdrawal of sponsor may make things financially difficult
product may have a bad image
disadvantages for the spectator
high subscription cost for TV sports channels
high cost of merchandise
sponsors keep best tickets for hospitality reasons
sportsmanship
type of behaviour you should see in sports
players display good conduct
examples of sportsmanship
showing respect for the officials
shaking hands with their opponents
kicking the ball out of play if the opponent is injured
what does sportsmanship creat
good role models
positive image for the sport or the activity
satisfaction/pride- you know you won honestly
gamesmanship
type of behaviour you shouldn’t see
deviance
rule-bending
to get an unfair advantage
example of gamesmanship
playing for time if winning
entering a weaker team if the following match is more important
sledging in cricket
what does gamesmanship create
bad role models
a negative image of the sport
dissatisfaction- you know you have won due to an unfair advantage
what is deviance
unacceptable behaviour cheating taking PEDs violence match-fixing racism
why do some elite performers resort to deviance
for prizes
for fame
for sponsorship
for money
consequences of deviance
red card
fines
banned from playing
loss of sponsors
what is being done to prevent deviance
random drug testing
fair play awards: UEFA respect fair play rankings, FA respect and fair play awards
campaigns
