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Netra Business Gcse OCR 9-1 > Topic 3-Organisational structures and ways of working > Flashcards

Topic 3-Organisational structures and ways of working Flashcards

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1
Q

What are Human Resources?

A

The people who do the work for the business.

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2
Q

Give an example of Human Resources…

A

The employees.

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3
Q

What is the purpose of Human Resources?

A

To carry out the function of a business.

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4
Q

What do production workers do?

A

Make the product or service.

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5
Q

What to finance workers do?

A

Send out bills and collect payments.

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6
Q

What do marketing workers do?

A

Encourage buyers for goods and services.

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7
Q

What do Human Resource workers do?

A

They are responsible for all aspects concerning staff.

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8
Q

What is a human resource plan?

A

A plan detailing the workers a business needs.

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9
Q

Why do businesses need to plan for Human Resources?

A
  • They need to know wages.
  • Higher chance of success.
  • Making sure that staff are trained.
  • Recruit the right people.
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10
Q

What could happen to a business if they didn’t plan the Human Resources?

A

There could be long queues or they could run out of products.

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11
Q

What can change the demand for Human Resources?

A
  • If the demand for a product increases or decreases.
  • Machines.
  • Expansion of the business.
  • New competition.
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12
Q

Why do businesses organise staff in an organisational structure?

A
  • So that everyone knows what their job is.
  • Everyone knows who they are responsible to.
  • This can help motivate their workers.
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13
Q

What 4 functional areas are business usually organised into?

A
  • Marketing
  • Production
  • Finance
  • Human resources
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14
Q

What is authority in a business?

A

The power that one person has to make decisions and to control what other workers do.

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15
Q

What is a function in a business?

A

The specific job that a person or department must do.

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16
Q

What is the chain of command in a business?

A

The link between the levels of authority.

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17
Q

What is a line manager in a business?

A

A person who is responsible for other workers in the organisation.

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18
Q

What is a subordinate in a business?

A

The person that the line manager is responsible for.

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19
Q

What is the span of control in a business?

A

The amount of people you are in charge of.

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20
Q

What is delegation?

A

The process of giving a manager authority to a subordinate to make decisions.

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21
Q

What are advantages to having a narrow span of control?

A
  • Manager can communicate quickly with employees and control them easily.
  • Feedback from workers are more effective.
  • less skill required because there are less employees to control.
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22
Q

What is the disadvantage of having a narrow span of control?

A

Additional costs.

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23
Q

what are the advantages of having a wide span of control?

A
  • communication is faster.

- costs less money.

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24
Q

what are the advantages to delegation?

A
  • boss can concentrate on other jobs.
  • motivates other staff.
  • makes it easier to identify staff that have the qualities needed for promotion.
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25
Q

what are the advantages to tall structures?

A
  • responsibilities of workers are clear.
  • the span of control is likely to be narrower which means there are less people to look after.
  • motivates workers.
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26
Q

what are the advantages of flat structures?

A
  • faster communication.
  • likely there will be fewer mistakes in messages.
  • people at the bottom may share more ideas
  • motivates them.
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27
Q

what is delayering?

A

When one or more layers of management are removed from the organisation chart.

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28
Q

What is the distribution channel?

A

How the product gets to the customer.

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29
Q

What are the two types of distribution methods?

A

Digital and physical.

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30
Q

The longer the chain in physical distribution…

A

The less money the producer gets.

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31
Q

What is a regional distribution centre?

A

A warehouse owned by a retailer to store their products.

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32
Q

What is digital distribution?

A

When products are distributed electronically. This involves no physical movement of goods.

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33
Q

What are some advantages to digital distribution?

A
  • the customer can access it 24 hours a day.
  • the goods are available instantly.
  • saves money for the business because products don’t have to travel.
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34
Q

What are some disadvantages to digital distribution?

A
  • not all goods are suitable.
  • more competition as it is worldwide.
  • not all customers have access to it.
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35
Q

What is an organisation chart?

A

The diagram of an internal structure of a business.

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36
Q

What is full time work?

A

When a person 35 hours or more a week.

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37
Q

What is part time work?

A

When a person works fewer than 35 hours per week.

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38
Q

What are three advantages to the business of working from home?

A
  • workers can work longer.
  • workers may feel more motivated.
  • workers may be more focused if there are fewer distractions there.
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39
Q

What are three disadvantages to the business of working from home?

A
  • worker can’t exchange ideas with other workers.
  • worker may produce less if they don’t concentrate enough.
  • the worker may need the business to buy technology such as computers for them to work at home.
40
Q

What are three advantages to working at home for the worker?

A
  • more freedom about how much they do.
  • may save money by not traveling to work.
  • less stress about other workers maybe.
41
Q

What is a disadvantage to working from home for the worker?

A

They may miss the social side of work.

42
Q

What are three advantages of part time working to the worker?

A
  • it suits people who have to look after their family.
  • it suits semiretired people.
  • it suits students who may need to study as well.
43
Q

What are two disadvantages to part time working for the worker?

A
  • it may mean a lower income.

- the hours may be inconvenient for the worker.

44
Q

What are three advantages of part time working for the business?

A
  • experienced workers that are retiring can still participate to the business.
  • the business has more choice when recruiting.
  • it can reduce overtime costs of employing workers.
45
Q

What are two disadvantages of part time working for the business?

A
  • recruitment and training costs may be higher.

- it may be more time consuming for managers to look after larger numbers of workers.

46
Q

What is flexible working?

A

When a worker can choose to have a zero hour contact, work part time or choose to work shifts.

47
Q

What is temporary working?

A

When a person works for the business over a fixed time on a contract.

48
Q

What is self-employment?

A

When a person works as their own business and sell their work to buyers who may be customers or other businesses.

49
Q

What is communication?

A

The transmission of a message from a sender to a receiver.

50
Q

What is one way communication?

A

When a message is sent but there is no reply.

51
Q

What is internal communication?

A

When people who work in the same organisation contact each other.

52
Q

What is an example of formal communication?

A

Letters.

53
Q

What is an example of informal communication?

A

A staff social event.

54
Q

Why is communication important in marketing?

A

It needs to be informative and persuasive to encourage sales.

55
Q

Why is communication important in finance?

A

It needs to be persuasive to get banks to give loans.

56
Q

Why is communication important in Human Resources?

A

It needs to be clear to make sure the workers are fully trained.

57
Q

Why is communication important in production?

A

Number of goods needed must be accurately communicated.

58
Q

What are three advantages to using social media to communicate?

A
  • Lots of people will see it.
  • Visual images can be used to entice customers to buy products.
  • The business gets feedback from customers.
59
Q

What is a disadvantage to using social media to communicate?

A

-There could be negative feedback.

60
Q

Give an example of verbal communication.

A

meetings.

61
Q

Give an example of written communication.

A

emails.

62
Q

What is recruitment?

A

The process finding and hiring the best qualified candidate for a job opening and in a timely and costly manner.

63
Q

Give two reasons why a business may recruit.

A
  • a seasonal peak in demand.

- maternity leave.

64
Q

How does digital communication affect competition for a business.

A

It makes it increase because customers can see other businesses online as well and so compare easily.

65
Q

In a big business who carries out the recruitment process?

A

The human resource department.

66
Q

In a small business who carries out the recruitment process?

A

The owners.

67
Q

What does a job description contain?

A
  • job title.
  • pay.
  • duties.
68
Q

What does a person specification contain?

A
  • -qualifications.

- skills.

69
Q

Why is a person specification good?

A

It allows the candidate to see if they would be suitable for a job and if they meet all of the requirements.

70
Q

What is internal recruitment?

A

When a job is filled by someone who already works in the organisation.

71
Q

What two advantages of internal recruitment ?

A
  • cheaper to advertise it.

- more confident the person is suitable for the job.

72
Q

What are two disadvantages of internal recruitment?

A
  • limited choice.

- could cause jealousy.

73
Q

What is external recruitment?

A

When someone from outside the organisation fills a job.

74
Q

What is motivation?

A

The reasons for acting or behaving in a certain way.

75
Q

What are the two broad types of motivation?

A

Financial and non-financial.

76
Q

What are the four types of financial motivation?

A
  • Pay.
  • Bonus.
  • Profit sharing.
  • Fringe benefits.
77
Q

What are the three types of non-financial motivation?

A
  • Praise.
  • Award schemes.
  • Working environment.
78
Q

What is a disadvantage to motivating employees?

A

Employees may rush the job.

79
Q

How can employees rushing their job be a disadvantage for the business?

A

It could lead to waste and therefore increase the costs which has an impact on the business profit and quality.

80
Q

What does employee retention mean?

A

Keeping the staff inside a business.

81
Q

What are fringe benefits?

A

An item an employee receives in addition to their normal wage or salary.

82
Q

What is profit sharing?

A

A benefit paid to the employees based on the level of profit.

83
Q

What are bonuses?

A

A reward that’s given out when specific performance targets have been met.

84
Q

What is training?

A

The action of teaching an employee a skill or behaviour.

85
Q

What is induction training?

A

A type of training that introduces an employee to the business when they are new.

86
Q

What is on-the job training?

A

Coaching or mentoring while doing the job.

87
Q

What are two advantages to on-the job training?

A
  • Cheaper than sending an employee to a training centre.

- Learning can be put into use immediately.

88
Q

What are two disadvantages to on-the job training?

A
  • Some workers can have bad habits that they pass on.

- A new worker may not pick up on skills straight away.

89
Q

What is off the job training?

A

Training that occurs away from the job.

90
Q

Give an example of off the job training…

A

Online courses.

91
Q

What is a disadvantage to off the job training?

A

It is a lot more expensive.

92
Q

What is an advantage to off the job training?

A
  • More focused environment with less distractions.

- Less stressful compared to on the job.

93
Q

Why is off the job less stressful than on the job?

A

You don’t have to learn skills as you go along.

94
Q

Give three reasons a business may train their workers…

A
  • Skills shortages.
  • Productivity.
  • Motivation.
95
Q

Why does a business train their workers to increase productivity?

A

They may be more skilled leading to them working at a faster rate which increases profit.

96
Q

Why do businesses train their workers for motivation?

A

The employees are motivated because training them shows a commitment for the future meaning they will stay with the business and they won’t have to pay recruitment costs.

97
Q

Why would a business train workers because of a skill shortage?

A

Skills give a sense of a competitive advantage to the business.

Netra Business Gcse OCR 9-1 (6 decks)

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