Topic 3 (Organic Compounds)

Question 1

Relate chemical bonding and bond polarity in molecules to their physicochemical properties.

Answer 1

non-polar covalent bond- bonding electrons shared equally between two atoms, no charges on atoms and no dipole moment.

Polar covalent bond- bonding electrons shared unequally between two atoms, partial charges between atoms, dipole moment present

Question 2

Describe the basic properties of carbon and its compounds.

Answer 2

carbon can form four covalent bonds- single, double, triple.

Carbon can forms bonds with each other to form long branches, rings, chains. Because of the diverse ways they can link to each other, molecular formula is not enough to describe carbon compounds

Question 3

Relate the properties of water to its biological function

Answer 3

Water is a polar because oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, and therefore electrons are pulled closer to oxygen. As water is a polar molecule, it forms hydrogen bonds with itself as well as other biomolecules.

Question 4

What are the different functional groups?

Answer 4

alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, amines and amides