Topic 1 (Basic Anatomy and Physiology)

Question 1

Differentiate between anatomy and physiology?

Answer 1

Anatomy investigates structures of the body and examines relationship between a body part and its function.

Physiology studies how the body and body parts work

Question 2

List the SIX levels of organization in the body?

Answer 2

Chemical level, Cell level, Tissue level, Organ level, Organ system level, Organism level

Question 3

Name the FOUR types of tissues in the body?

Answer 3

Connective, Epithelial, Muscle, Nervous tissues

Question 4

Name the different organ systems in the body?

Answer 4

Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous, Lymphatic, Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Endocrine, Digestive, Urinary, Reproductive

Question 5

Name at least ONE major components of EACH organ system?

Answer 5

i.e.
Respiratory system- Lungs, nasal cavities

Skeletal system-
Bones, cartilage

Cardiovascular-
Heart, blood vessels, blood

Integumentary-
Skin, hair, nails

Urinary-
Kidneys, bladder

Question 6

State ONE main function of EACH organ system?

Answer 6

i.e.
Urinary system- Regulates electrolyte and water, eliminates waste

Cardiovascular system- Transports blood carrying O2, nutrients, etc

Digestive system-
Processing of food, absorption of nutrients

Question 7

Describe homeostasis using example?

Answer 7

i.e. Glucose Homeostasis-

When glucose level is NORMAL (90mg/100mL)
- pancreas at rest

When glucose level is LOW
- pancreas produces glucagon to raise level of glucose within the blood
- Liver breaks down glycogen and releases glucose

When glucose level is HIGH
- pancreas produces insulin to restore balance
- liver takes up glucose and stores it as glycogen