Topic 3 - Nociception & Inflammation

Question 1

___________ is a ubiquitous phenomenon and activation of nociceptors has a high evolutionary process.

Answer 1

Nociception

Question 2

The mutual role of the _____-______ systems can be seen as a unified apparatus for threat detection.

Answer 2

Neuro-immune

Question 3

The current known modes of ___________ activation include:
1) Neuroinflammation and neuro-immune cross-talk with central and peripheral effects
2) Autoimmunity via autoantibodies with only peripheral effects
3) Cell-to-cell communication via exosomes with peripheral and central effects
4) Stress responses via hormones with central and peripheral effects
5) Peripheral activation by noxious stimuli

Answer 3

Nociceptive

Question 4

A current known mode of nociception involves neuroinflammation and neuro-immune _____-____ with central and peripheral effects.

Answer 4

Cross-talk

Question 5

It has been demonstrated that communication between ______ cells and _______ plays a vital role in pain and pain-related diseases.

Answer 5

Immune Cells
Neurons

Question 6

Deciphering the mechanisms by which _____-______ interaction integrates neuronal inputs and immune responses helps to understand the ____________ of pain-related diseases and develop effective medications.

Answer 6

Neuro-immune
Pathogenesis

Question 7

The neuro-immune communications, as well as the regulations within immune cells, compose an extraordinarily _______ network.

Answer 7

Complex

Question 8

Identifying the critical ___________ alterations in pain-related neuro-immune communications will enable understanding of pain pathogenesis and development of effective analgesic medications.

Answer 8

Maladaptive

Question 9

Active immune cells _______________ modulate nociceptor activities and pain sensation.

Answer 9

Bidirectionally

Question 10

Neuron-derived _________ regulate reactions of various immune cells.

Answer 10

Mediators

Question 11

Neuro-immune cross-talk contributes to ___ differences in pain.

Answer 11

Sex

Question 12

Neuroimmune interactions play a fundamental role in the generation of pain associated with both primary _______ and their treatment.

Answer 12

Tumours

Question 13

Common mediators are involved in the promotion of tumour growth and __________ and in generating pain arising from the primary tumour.

Answer 13

Metastasis

Question 14

Understanding _____-______ interactions in cancer pain may lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets.

Answer 14

Neuro-immune

Question 15

T/F - Multiple factors are thought to contribute to the generation of pain by a tumour.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

_____ pain is potentiated by neuro-immune interactions in the vicinity of the wound. Mediators released by nerve cells in the periphery drive the ____________ process, whilst centrally changes in gene expression occur.

Answer 16

Actue
Inflammatory

Question 17

In a persistent pain state, alterations in the cellular population of the dorsal ____ ________ and the dorsal horn of the spinal cord result in adherent neuronal function and the sensory changes witnessed clinically.

Answer 17

Dorsal Root Ganglion