Topic 3 - Food and farming in South Africa

Question 1

What does the food you eat give to your body?

Answer 1

Energy

Question 2

Define sources

Answer 2

the places, people of things from where something comes

Question 3

Name 4 different sources that food comes from

Answer 3

Animals
plants
factories
shops

Question 4

When food from plants or animals have been changed in some way, what is that food called?

Answer 4

Processed food (eg cooked carrots or boiled and mashed potatoes)

Question 5

Name 5 different ways in which people get food.

Answer 5

Buy (from a shop of market)
grow (in the garden)
collect (eggs from a hen)
fish 
farm (by growing food or keeping animals for food)

Question 6

Subsistence farmers

Answer 6

grow their own food and keep just enough animals to feed their families (not enough to sell to factories, shops or markets)

Question 7

Describe a typical subsistence farm in South Africa

Answer 7

A small farm.
The farmers are often women and their children help them while the husbands and fathers work in the town or the city.
They do not have tractors or ploughs or a sprinkler system, but do all the work with their hands - using spades, forks, hoes and buckets for water.
There may be a few veggies, a cow or goat for milk and meat, and chickens for eggs and meat.

Question 8

Subsistence workers have many problems. Can you name them?

Answer 8

Money (to buy seeds and fertiliser, to help sick animals get better)
Locusts that come and eat the crops
Not enough rain for the crops to grow

Question 9

Name the 4 different groups of food crops that grow in SA, and where they come from
(Study the map and questions on pg 57. Revise provinces on pg 41.)

Answer 9

1. Deciduous fruit (apples, pears, peaches, apricots) - mainly Western Cape, Northern Cape
2. Sugar cane (Natal), wheat (Western Cape, Free State, Eastern Cape), maize (Northern Free State), rooibos tea (Western Cape)
3. Citrus fruit (oranges, lemons, naartjies, grapefruit) - Limpopo, North West, Mpumalanga, Western Cape, Eastern Cape, Natal
4. Sup-Tropical fruit ((pawpaws, babanas, pineapples) - Limpopo, Eastern Cape, Natal

Question 10

Stock farmers

Answer 10

keep animals (like sheep, goats, cows and pigs)

Question 11

Poultry farmers

Answer 11

Stock farmers who keep chickens, ducks, turkeys and geese

Question 12

Factory farm

Answer 12

A farm where animals are kept under strict conditions so that the farm produces as much food as possible

Question 13

Unprocessed foods

Answer 13

food that are not changed in any way

Question 14

Why do people process foods?

Answer 14

to stop it form going bad (if you do not have a fridge)
to make it tastier (add salt or honey)
to make it safer to eat (braai or cook the meat)

ALSO to make it look better
to make it easier to prepare
to add vitamins and minerals

Question 15

Where are food processed?

Answer 15

In factories and in our kitchens

Question 16

How do we process food in our kitchens?

Answer 16

Cooking, freezing, drying, canning, squeezing, mixing, cutting, salting, adding to it

Question 17

Bread is made from

Answer 17

flour, water, salt, yeast

Question 18

The process from wheat to bread generally happens in this order:

Answer 18

From farm to factory to shop to home

Question 19

For extra exercises see pgs 69-71

Answer 19

Bon Appetit!

Question 20

The 2 different ways of farming

Answer 20

Crop and Stock farming (growing crops and keeping animals)

Question 21

Crops are

Answer 21

vegetables, fruit and wheat

Question 22

Stocks are

Answer 22

Cattle (beef and dairy), sheep and goats, poultry

Question 23

3 ways of farming

Answer 23

subsistence farming
commercial farming
growing food in towns and cities

Question 24

What is commercial farming?

Answer 24

Farmers who produce enough food to sell to factories, shops and markets

Question 25

Specialise

Answer 25

to concentrate on doing one thing. A farmer who focuses on growing only one type of crop or keeping one type of animal

Question 26

Why do people grow food in towns and cities?

Answer 26

The farms cannot produce enough food for all the people in the towns and cities

Question 27

Where do people grow crops in towns and cities?

Answer 27

in backyards, on rooftops, in old car tyres, in used tin cans, in school grounds, hospital grounds and prison grounds