Topic 3: Challenges of an Urbanising World Flashcards
Central Business District (CBD)
The centre of a city where many offices and shops are located.
Commuter Village
A rural village separate from the city but within commuting distance (by car, train, etc) for its residents to work in the city.
Counter Urbanisation
Migration away from a city because of urban problems (crime, congestion, etc).
Dereliction
Where buildings are left unused or unoccupied.
Deindustrialisation
A city with a declining economy and high levels of unemployment.
Formal Work
Work agreed in a contract, with regular income and safe working conditions.
Informal Work
Self-employed or temporary work, which provides a small wage and limited health regulations.
Integrated Transport
A system that links different types of transportation to give commuters access to the whole city.
International Migration
The movement of people between countries, for work or long term residence.
Lower Income Country (LIC)
A country of low wealth and a limited level of development.
Megacity
A city with a population greater than 10 million people.
Middle Income Country (MIC)
A country of sufficient wealth and a good level of development.
Multicultural City
A city that shares and encourages many different cultures and religions, besides the national culture.
Net Migration
The total number of people entering minus the number of people leaving a country.
Population Density
The amount of people per square area of land. It’s a measure of how squashed together or spread out a population is.
Pull Factors
Reasons why a person may feel attracted towards living in the city.
Push Factors
Reasons why a person may feel they need to move away from a rural area.
Quality of Life
The environment and community a person is part of, as well as their health and access to essentials.
Regeneration
A city tries to change its appearance or reputation through new building constructions.
Remittance
A family member living in a different country can send money back to their country of origin to support their family substantially.
Rural-Urban Migration
Individuals move their homes from a rural area to the urban city, for work opportunities or a better quality of life.
Social Inequality
The difference in quality of life between the highest income family and lowest income household.
Squatter Settlements
Clusters of temporary housing which migrants or low income families live in, often built on unfavourable land.
Suburbanisation
Migration to live on the periphery (suburbs) of a city or town.
Trans-National Corporation (TNC)
A business with operations in more than one country.
Urban Sprawl
The process of a city growing and spreading out, taking over surrounding greenfield land.
World City
A city with global influence through politics, businesses or travel.
Where is mumbai
Mumbai is on the West Coast of India, next to the Arabian Sea
What is mumbai’s population?
22 million
Name two reasons why Mumbai is important to India
Very large population, international trade port, 32 million international passengers through Mumbai airport, part of India’s richest province.
Name two contrasting regions in Mumbai. Why do they contrast?
Malabar Hill is the richest residential area, whereas Dharavi is Asia’s largest slum.
Name two processes that cause Mumbai’s population growth
- Natural Increase, due to the high fertility rate
- Rural to Urban Migration, for a better quality of life and job opportunities
Name one advantage and one disadvantage of slums in Mumbai
• Large working population who can process Mumbai’s waste and recycling.
• Dangerous living conditions - spread of fire and disease, illegal electricity connections, etc.
Why does Mumbai have water pollution?
800 million litres of sewage is emptied into the Mithi River
Why is water pollution dangerous to Mumbai’s residents?
If residents drink polluted water, they can get water-borne diseases
e.g. Diarrhoea, Salmonella, Typhoid Fever
How many sweatshops and mini-factories can be found in Dharavi?
20,000 sweatshops and mini factories.
